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Large language models can now be personalised efficiently at scale using parameter efficient finetuning methods (PEFTs), but serving user-specific PEFTs harms throughput, even with specialised kernels and memory management techniques. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Andrew Lanpouthakoun , Aryaman Arora , Zhengxuan Wu , Dhruv Pai , Ben Keigwin , Dan Jurafsky , Christopher Potts

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional proficiency in text understanding and embedding tasks. However, their potential in multimodal representation, particularly for item-to-item (I2I) recommendations, remains…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Chao Zhang , Haoxin Zhang , Shiwei Wu , Di Wu , Tong Xu , Xiangyu Zhao , Yan Gao , Yao Hu , Enhong Chen

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) is a flexible and efficient method for adapting large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks. Among these methods, weight-decomposed low-rank adaptation (DoRA) is a promising approach that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Peijia Qin , Ruiyi Zhang , Pengtao Xie

With the continuous growth in the number of parameters of transformer-based pretrained language models (PLMs), particularly the emergence of large language models (LLMs) with billions of parameters, many natural language processing (NLP)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Lingling Xu , Haoran Xie , Si-Zhao Joe Qin , Xiaohui Tao , Fu Lee Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have proven their remarkable versatility in handling a comprehensive range of language-centric applications. To expand LLMs' capabilities to a broader spectrum of modal inputs, multimodal large language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Qiang Zhou , Zhibin Wang , Wei Chu , Yinghui Xu , Hao Li , Yuan Qi

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) like CLIP offer promising solutions for Dynamic Facial Expression Recognition (DFER) but face challenges such as inefficient full fine-tuning, high complexity, and poor alignment between textual and visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Ibtissam Saadi , Abdenour Hadid , Douglas W. Cunningham , Abdelmalik Taleb-Ahmed , Yassin El Hillali

As the number of model parameters increases, parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has become the go-to choice for tailoring pre-trained large language models. Low-rank Adaptation (LoRA) uses a low-rank update method to simulate full…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yongkang Liu , Xing Li , Mengjie Zhao , Shanru Zhang , Zijing Wang , Qian Li , Shi Feng , Feiliang Ren , Daling Wang , Hinrich Schütze

Efficient transfer learning methods such as adapter-based methods have shown great success in unimodal models and vision-language models. However, existing methods have two main challenges in fine-tuning multimodal models. Firstly, they are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Zirun Guo , Xize Cheng , Yangyang Wu , Tao Jin

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has emerged as an effective method for adapting pre-trained language models to various tasks efficiently. Recently, there has been a growing interest in transferring knowledge from one or multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Zhisheng Lin , Han Fu , Chenghao Liu , Zhuo Li , Jianling Sun

As Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) grow in size, adapting them to specialized tasks becomes increasingly challenging due to high computational and memory demands. Indeed, traditional fine-tuning methods are costly, due to the need…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Zijun Long , George Killick , Richard McCreadie , Gerardo Aragon Camarasa

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) of pre-trained language models has recently demonstrated remarkable achievements, effectively matching the performance of full fine-tuning while utilizing significantly fewer trainable parameters, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Baohao Liao , Yan Meng , Christof Monz

Multimodal recommendation aims to model user and item representations comprehensively with the involvement of multimedia content for effective recommendations. Existing research has shown that it is beneficial for recommendation performance…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Yuting Liu , Enneng Yang , Yizhou Dang , Guibing Guo , Qiang Liu , Yuliang Liang , Linying Jiang , Xingwei Wang

Multi-modal entity alignment (MMEA) is essential for enhancing knowledge graphs and improving information retrieval and question-answering systems. Existing methods often focus on integrating modalities through their complementarity but…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Wei Ai , Wen Deng , Hongyi Chen , Jiayi Du , Tao Meng , Yuntao Shou

With the proliferation of user-generated online videos, Multimodal Sentiment Analysis (MSA) has attracted increasing attention recently. Despite significant progress, there are still two major challenges on the way towards robust MSA: 1)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Licai Sun , Zheng Lian , Bin Liu , Jianhua Tao

Face Anti-Spoofing (FAS) is essential for ensuring the security and reliability of facial recognition systems. Most existing FAS methods are formulated as binary classification tasks, providing confidence scores without interpretation. They…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Guosheng Zhang , Keyao Wang , Haixiao Yue , Ajian Liu , Gang Zhang , Kun Yao , Errui Ding , Jingdong Wang

Recent face anti-spoofing (FAS) methods have shown remarkable cross-domain performance by employing vision-language models like CLIP. However, existing CLIP-based FAS models do not fully exploit CLIP's patch embedding tokens, failing to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Jeongmin Yu , Susang Kim , Kisu Lee , Taekyoung Kwon , Won-Yong Shin , Ha Young Kim

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise for human-like conversations, they are primarily pre-trained on text data. Incorporating audio or video improves performance, but collecting large-scale multimodal data and…

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods address the increasing size of Large Language Models (LLMs). Currently, many newly introduced PEFT methods are challenging to replicate, deploy, or compare with one another. To address this, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Robert Belanec , Ivan Srba , Maria Bielikova

Driven by the progress of large-scale pre-training, parameter-efficient transfer learning has gained immense popularity across different subfields of Artificial Intelligence. The core is to adapt the model to downstream tasks with only a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Haixin Wang , Xinlong Yang , Jianlong Chang , Dian Jin , Jinan Sun , Shikun Zhang , Xiao Luo , Qi Tian

As large language models (LLMs) continue to grow, the cost of full-parameter fine-tuning has made parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) the default strategy for downstream adaptation. Constraints from inference latency in scalable serving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yichen Xu , Yuyang Liang , Shan Dai , Tianyang Hu , Tsz Nam Chan , Chenhao Ma