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As the number of sensors becomes massive in Internet of Things (IoT) networks, the amount of data is humongous. To process data in real-time while protecting user privacy, federated learning (FL) has been regarded as an enabling technique…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Jianyang Ren , Wanli Ni , Hui Tian , Gaofeng Nie

Federated Learning (FL) offers a decentralized framework for training and fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) by leveraging computational resources across organizations while keeping sensitive data on local devices. It addresses…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Md Jueal Mia , M. Hadi Amini

As the parameter size of Large Language Models (LLMs) continues to expand, there is an urgent need to address the scarcity of high-quality data. In response, existing research has attempted to make a breakthrough by incorporating Federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Chaochao Chen , Xiaohua Feng , Yuyuan Li , Lingjuan Lyu , Jun Zhou , Xiaolin Zheng , Jianwei Yin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have impressive data fusion and reasoning capabilities for autonomous driving (AD). However, training LLMs for AD faces significant challenges including high computation transmission costs, and privacy concerns…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Tianao Xiang , Mingjian Zhi , Yuanguo Bi , Lin Cai , Yuhao Chen

Federated Learning (FL) with pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) has emerged as a promising paradigm for various downstream tasks. By leveraging its strong representations, recent studies improve task adaptation under insufficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yuting Ma , Lechao Cheng , Xiaohua Xu

Federated learning (FL) is a highly pursued machine learning technique that can train a model centrally while keeping data distributed. Distributed computation makes FL attractive for bandwidth limited applications especially in wireless…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-24 Xiang Ma , Haijian Sun , Rose Qingyang Hu

Federated learning is a method of training models on private data distributed over multiple devices. To keep device data private, the global model is trained by only communicating parameters and updates which poses scalability challenges…

Combining different data modalities enables deep neural networks to tackle complex tasks more effectively, making multimodal learning increasingly popular. To harness multimodal data closer to end users, it is essential to integrate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Ye Lin Tun , Chu Myaet Thwal , Minh N. H. Nguyen , Choong Seon Hong

As an edge intelligence algorithm for multi-device collaborative training, federated learning (FL) can reduce the communication burden but increase the computing load of wireless devices. In contrast, split learning (SL) can reduce the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Benshun Yin , Zhiyong Chen , Meixia Tao

Deep learning techniques have been widely used in computed tomography (CT) but require large data sets to train networks. Moreover, data sharing among multiple institutions is limited due to data privacy constraints, which hinders the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-13 Hao Wang , Ruihong He , Xiaoyu Zhang , Zhaoying Bian , Dong Zeng , Jianhua Ma

Automatic Speech Recognition models require large amount of speech data for training, and the collection of such data often leads to privacy concerns. Federated learning has been widely used and is considered to be an effective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Rongmei Lin , Yonghui Xiao , Tien-Ju Yang , Ding Zhao , Li Xiong , Giovanni Motta , Françoise Beaufays

Training of multimodal foundation models is currently restricted to centralized data centers containing massive, aligned datasets (e.g., image-text pairs). However, in realistic federated environments, data is often unpaired and fragmented…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Anders Eklund

As the demand grows for scalable and privacy-aware AI systems, Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a promising solution, allowing decentralized model training without moving raw data. At the same time, the combination of high-performance…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Sangam Ghimire , Paribartan Timalsina , Nirjal Bhurtel , Bishal Neupane , Bigyan Byanju Shrestha , Subarna Bhattarai , Prajwal Gaire , Jessica Thapa , Sudan Jha

Federated Learning (FL) offers a promising solution for training machine learning models across distributed data sources while preserving data privacy. However, FL faces critical challenges related to communication overhead and local…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Ziyue Xu , Zhihong Zhang , Holger R. Roth , Chester Chen , Yan Cheng , Andrew Feng

Industrial chemical plants often operate under strict data confidentiality constraints, making centralized data-driven process modeling difficult. Federated learning (FL) provides a promising solution by enabling collaborative model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Teetat Pipattaratonchai , Aueaphum Aueawatthanaphisut

We introduce FFN Fusion, an architectural optimization technique that reduces sequential computation in large language models by identifying and exploiting natural opportunities for parallelization. Our key insight is that sequences of…

Federated Learning (FL) is an emerging learning framework that enables edge devices to collaboratively train ML models without sharing their local data. FL faces, however, a significant challenge due to the high amount of information that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Mohamad Assaad , Zeinab Nehme , Merouane Debbah

Federated learning (FL) is an important paradigm for training global models from decentralized data in a privacy-preserving way. Existing FL methods usually assume the global model can be trained on any participating client. However, in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Ruixuan Liu , Fangzhao Wu , Chuhan Wu , Yanlin Wang , Lingjuan Lyu , Hong Chen , Xing Xie

Generative AI has made impressive strides in enabling users to create diverse and realistic visual content such as images, videos, and audio. However, training generative models on large centralized datasets can pose challenges in terms of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Fiona Victoria Stanley Jothiraj , Afra Mashhadi

Federated learning (FL) is a promising technique that enables a large amount of edge computing devices to collaboratively train a global learning model. Due to privacy concerns, the raw data on devices could not be available for centralized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Miao Yang , Akitanoshou Wong , Hongbin Zhu , Haifeng Wang , Hua Qian