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The continuous growth of global data traffic over the past three decades, along with advances in disaggregated computing architectures, presents significant challenges for optical transceivers in communication networks and high-performance…

Deployment of terahertz communication and spectroscopy systems relies on the availability of low-noise and fast detectors, with plug-and-play capabilities. However, most currently available technologies are stand-alone, discrete components,…

Optics · Physics 2024-10-29 A. Tomasino , A Shams-Ansari , M. Lončar , I. -C. Benea-Chelmus

Lithium niobate is one of the most sought-after materials for nanophotonic devices, including frequency converters, modulators, and quantum light sources. Integration of lithium niobate into optical devices, however, is hampered by…

Optics · Physics 2025-11-18 Rana Faryad Ali , Guillermo Aguilar

Modern communication networks require high performance and scalable electro-optic modulators that convert electrical signals to optical signals at high speed. Existing lithium niobate modulators have excellent performance but are bulky and…

Optics · Physics 2018-02-14 Cheng Wang , Mian Zhang , Brian Stern , Michal Lipson , Marko Loncar

Electro-optic phase modulators are critical components in modern communication, microwave photonic, and quantum photonic systems. Important for these applications is to achieve modulators with low half-wave voltage at high frequencies. Here…

With the advantages of large electro-optical coefficient, wide transparency window, and strong optical confinement, thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) technique has enabled the development of various high-performance optoelectronics devices,…

Photonic neural networks (PNNs) of sufficiently large physical dimensions and high operation accuracies are envisaged as an ideal candidate for breaking the major bottlenecks in the current artificial intelligence architectures in terms of…

Optics · Physics 2025-07-30 Ruixue Liu , Rongbo Wu , Yong Zheng , Yuan Ren , Boyang Nan , Min Wang , Yunpeng Song , Ya Cheng

The escalating data volume and complexity resulting from the rapid expansion of artificial intelligence (AI), internet of things (IoT) and 5G/6G mobile networks is creating an urgent need for energy-efficient, scalable computing hardware.…

Integrated optical components on lithium niobate play a major role in standard high-speed communication systems. Over the last two decades, after the birth and positioning of quantum information science, lithium niobate waveguide…

Photonics has emerged as one of the leading platforms for the implementation of real-world-applicable quantum technologies, enabling secure communication, enhanced sensing capabilities, as well as resolving previously intractable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-18 Tristan Kuttner , Alessandra Sabatti , Jost Kellner , Rachel Grange , Robert J. Chapman

Rare-earth ion ensembles doped in single crystals are a promising materials system with widespread applications in optical signal processing, lasing, and quantum information processing. Incorporating rare-earth ions into integrated photonic…

Integrated photonics capable of incorporating rare earth ions with high optical coherence is desirable for realizing efficient quantum transducers, compact quantum memories, and hybrid quantum systems. Here we describe a photonic platform…

Lithium Niobate (LN or just niobate) thin-film micro-photonic resonators have promising prospects in many applications including high efficiency electro-optic modulators, optomechanics and nonlinear optics. This paper presents free-standing…

Optics · Physics 2020-12-17 Renyuan Wang , Sunil A. Bhave

Integrated lithium niobate (LN) photonics is a promising platform for future chip-scale microwave photonics systems owing to its unique electro-optic properties, low optical loss and excellent scalability. A key enabler for such systems is…

Optics · Physics 2022-10-28 Hanke Feng , Ke Zhang , Wenzhao Sun , Yangming Ren , Yiwen Zhang , Wenfu Zhang , Cheng Wang

In the past decade, lithium niobate (LiNbO3 or LN) photonics, thanks to its heat-free and fast electro-optical modulation, second-order non-linearities and low loss, has been extensively investigated. Despite numerous demonstrations of…

Practical quantum networks will require quantum nodes consisting of many memory qubits. This in turn will increase the complexity of the photonic circuits needed to control each qubit and will require strategies to multiplex memories and…

Quantum networks are likely to have a profound impact on the way we compute and communicate in the future. In order to wire together superconducting quantum processors over kilometer-scale distances, we need transducers that can generate…

Diamond photonics has enabled efficient interfaces for quantum memories and is predicted to be a critical component of quantum networks. However, scalable network architectures require spatial, temporal, and spectral control of photons,…

Quantum photonics has rapidly advanced as a key area for developing quantum technologies by harnessing photons' inherent quantum characteristics, particularly entanglement. Generation of entangled photon pairs, known as Bell states, is…

Thin film lithium niobate (TFLN) based electro-optic modulator is widely applied in the field of broadband optical communications due to its advantages such as large bandwidth, high extinction ratio, and low optical loss, bringing new…