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Textual Attributed Graphs (TAGs) are crucial for modeling complex real-world systems, yet leveraging large language models (LLMs) for TAGs presents unique challenges due to the gap between sequential text processing and graph-structured…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Zhengyu Hu , Yichuan Li , Zhengyu Chen , Jingang Wang , Han Liu , Kyumin Lee , Kaize Ding

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in user-facing applications, building trust and maintaining safety by accurately quantifying a model's confidence in its prediction becomes even more important. However, finding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Dennis Ulmer , Martin Gubri , Hwaran Lee , Sangdoo Yun , Seong Joon Oh

We propose a method that uses large language models to assist graph machine learning under personalization and privacy constraints. The approach combines data augmentation for sparse graphs, prompt and instruction tuning to adapt foundation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Sai Puppala , Ismail Hossain , Md Jahangir Alam , Tanzim Ahad , Sajedul Talukder

Large Language Models (LLMs), including ChatGPT and LLaMA, are susceptible to generating hallucinated answers in a confident tone. While efforts to elicit and calibrate confidence scores have proven useful, recent findings show that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Lihu Chen , Alexandre Perez-Lebel , Fabian M. Suchanek , Gaël Varoquaux

Language Models (LMs) have shown promising performance in natural language generation. However, as LMs often generate incorrect or hallucinated responses, it is crucial to correctly quantify their uncertainty in responding to given inputs.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Xinmeng Huang , Shuo Li , Mengxin Yu , Matteo Sesia , Hamed Hassani , Insup Lee , Osbert Bastani , Edgar Dobriban

Large language models optimized with techniques like RLHF have achieved good alignment in being helpful and harmless. However, post-alignment, these language models often exhibit overconfidence, where the expressed confidence does not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Mozhi Zhang , Mianqiu Huang , Rundong Shi , Linsen Guo , Chong Peng , Peng Yan , Yaqian Zhou , Xipeng Qiu

Recent studies seek to provide Graph Neural Network (GNN) interpretability via multiple unsupervised learning models. Due to the scarcity of datasets, current methods easily suffer from learning bias. To solve this problem, we embed a Large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Jiaxing Zhang , Jiayi Liu , Dongsheng Luo , Jennifer Neville , Hua Wei

Uncertainty estimation is a significant issue for current large language models (LLMs) that are generally poorly calibrated and over-confident, especially with reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). Unlike humans, whose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Ruixin Yang , Dheeraj Rajagopal , Shirley Anugrah Hayati , Bin Hu , Dongyeop Kang

Graph plays a significant role in representing and analyzing complex relationships in real-world applications such as citation networks, social networks, and biological data. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs), which have achieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Yuhan Li , Zhixun Li , Peisong Wang , Jia Li , Xiangguo Sun , Hong Cheng , Jeffrey Xu Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a popular choice in vulnerability detection studies given their foundational capabilities, open source availability, and variety of models, but have limited scalability due to extensive compute…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Miles Farmer , Ekincan Ufuktepe , Anne Watson , Hialo Muniz Carvalho , Vadim Okun , Zineb Maasaoui , Kannappan Palaniappan

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged as state-of-the-art methods to learn from graph-structured data for recommendation. However, most existing GNN-based recommendation methods focus on the optimization of model structures and learning…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Rong Shan , Jianghao Lin , Chenxu Zhu , Bo Chen , Menghui Zhu , Kangning Zhang , Jieming Zhu , Ruiming Tang , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang

A trustworthy real-world prediction system should produce well-calibrated confidence scores; that is, its confidence in an answer should be indicative of the likelihood that the answer is correct, enabling deferral to an expert in cases of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Katherine Tian , Eric Mitchell , Allan Zhou , Archit Sharma , Rafael Rafailov , Huaxiu Yao , Chelsea Finn , Christopher D. Manning

Do current large language models (LLMs) better solve graph reasoning and generation tasks with parameter updates? In this paper, we propose InstructGraph, a framework that empowers LLMs with the abilities of graph reasoning and generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Jianing Wang , Junda Wu , Yupeng Hou , Yao Liu , Ming Gao , Julian McAuley

Large Language Models are increasingly used by students to explore advanced material in computer science, including graph theory. As these tools become integrated into undergraduate and graduate coursework, it is important to understand how…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Adithya Kulkarni , Mohna Chakraborty , Jay Bagga

Integrating large language models (LLMs) with knowledge graphs derived from domain-specific data represents an important advancement towards more powerful and factual reasoning. As these models grow more capable, it is crucial to enable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Stefan Dernbach , Khushbu Agarwal , Alejandro Zuniga , Michael Henry , Sutanay Choudhury

The emergence of large-scale pre-trained language models has revolutionized various AI research domains. Transformers-based Large Language Models (LLMs) have gradually replaced CNNs and RNNs to unify fields of computer vision and natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Ruosong Ye , Caiqi Zhang , Runhui Wang , Shuyuan Xu , Yongfeng Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have become a popular approach for simulating human behaviors, yet it remains unclear if LLMs are necessary for all simulation tasks. We study a broad family of close-ended simulation tasks, with applications…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Joseph Suh , Suhong Moon , Serina Chang

Large language models like GPT-4, Gemini, and Claude have transformed natural language processing (NLP) tasks such as question answering, dialogue generation, summarization, and so forth; yet their susceptibility to hallucination stands as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Nur A Zarin Nishat , Andrea Coletta , Luigi Bellomarini , Kossi Amouzouvi , Jens Lehmann , Sahar Vahdati

Large language models (LLMs) are prone to hallucinations and sensitive to prompt perturbations, often resulting in inconsistent or unreliable generated text. Different methods have been proposed to mitigate such hallucinations and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Xiaoyuan Wu , Weiran Lin , Omer Akgul , Lujo Bauer

Graph mining is an important area in data mining and machine learning that involves extracting valuable information from graph-structured data. In recent years, significant progress has been made in this field through the development of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Yuxin You , Zhen Liu , Xiangchao Wen , Yongtao Zhang , Wei Ai