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We present a general analysis for determining the optimal modulation parameters for the modulation transfer spectroscopy scheme. The results are universally valid and can be applied to spectroscopy of any atomic species requiring only the…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2020-03-27 Tilman Preuschoff , Malte Schlosser , Gerhard Birkl

Precision atomic and quantum experiments rely on ultra-stable narrow linewidth lasers constructed using table-top ultra-low expansion reference cavities. These experiments often require multiple lasers, operating at different wavelengths,…

Positronium and muonium, as purely leptonic atoms without internal structure, provide ideal systems for high-precision tests of quantum electrodynamics (QED) and measurements of fundamental constants. However, the high velocities of these…

High precision portable and deployable frequency standards are required for modern navigation and communication technologies. Optical frequency standards are attractive for their improved stability over their microwave counterparts;…

Extra-laboratory atomic clocks are necessary for a wide array of applications (e.g. satellite-based navigation and communication). Building upon existing vapor cell and laser technologies, we describe an optical atomic clock, designed…

An optical frequency comb generated with an electro-optic phase modulator and a chirped radiofrequency waveform is used to perform saturation and pump-probe spectroscopy on the $D_1$ and $D_2$ transitions of atomic potassium. With a comb…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2016-12-21 David A. Long , Adam J. Fleisher , David F. Plusquellic , Joseph T. Hodges

A frequency doubled I/Q modulator based optical single-sideband (OSSB) laser system is demonstrated for atomic physics research, specifically for atom interferometry where the presence of additional sidebands causes parasitic transitions.…

Using a mid-infrared quantum cascade laser and wavelength modulation absorption spectroscopy, we measure the frequencies of ro-vibrational transitions of N$_2$O in the 17 $\mu$m region with uncertainties below 5 MHz. These lines,…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-12-10 Y. Wang , J. Rodewald , O. Lopez , M. Manceau , B. Darquié , B. E. Sauer , M. R. Tarbutt

We report observation of the $\rm 5S_{1/2} \rightarrow 5D_{5/2}$ two-photon transition in Rb vapor at 778 nm, using an external cavity diode laser system and a heated vapor cell. The spectra in the two isotopes show well-resolved hyperfine…

Optics · Physics 2017-02-09 Ketan D. Rathod , Vasant Natarajan

We experimentally demonstrate a one-color two-photon transition from the $5\mathit{S}_{1/2}$ ground state to the $6\mathit{S}_{1/2}$ excited state in rubidium (Rb) vapor using a continuous wave laser at 993 nm. The Rb vapor contains both…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2019-02-22 Thomas Nieddu , Tridib Ray , Krishnapriya S. Rajasree , Ritayan Roy , Síle Nic Chormaic

We herein report a simultaneous frequency stabilization of two 780-nm external cavity diode lasers using a precision wavelength meter (WLM). The laser lock performance is characterized by the Allan deviation measurement in which we find…

We present two-color modulation transfer spectroscopy as a tool for precision studies of atomic properties of excited states. The bi-colored technique addresses a narrow set of velocity groups of a thermal atomic vapour using a two-step…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2008-12-09 A. Perez Galvan , D. Sheng , L. A. Orozco , Y. Zhao

Frequency comb based multidimensional coherent spectroscopy is a novel optical method that enables high resolution measurement in a short acquisition time. The method's resolution makes multidimensional coherent spectroscopy relevant for…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2018-06-13 Bachana Lomsadze , Steven T. Cundiff

A multichannel dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) approach for high-resolution, broadband spectral measurements is presented, demonstrating its effectiveness in studying complex atomic systems. By implementing a photodetector array, we enhance…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-03-14 R. Aramyan , O. Tretiak , S. S. Sahoo , D. Budker

We report the absolute frequency measurements of rubidium 5S-7S two-photon transitions with a cw laser digitally locked to an atomic transition and referenced to an optical frequency comb. The narrow, two-photon transition, 5S-7S (760 nm)…

We demonstrate simultaneous imaging at 0.549 THz and 1.012 THz with an optical overlay using a two-species atomic-vapour-based technique. The atomic vapour, comprising laser-pumped rubidium and caesium atoms contained within the same cell,…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Andrew Rae MacKellar , C. Stuart Adams , Kevin J. Weatherill

A low cost scheme to determine the frequency sweep nonlinearity using atomic saturated absorption spectroscopy is demonstrated. The frequency modulation rate is determined by directly measuring the interference fringe number and frequency…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-10-11 Ningfang Song , Xiangxiang Lu , Xiaobin Xu , Xiong Pan , Wei Li , Di Hu , Jixun Liu

Atomic sized two-level systems (TLSs) in amorphous dielectrics are known as a major source of loss in superconducting devices. In addition, individual TLS are known to induce large frequency shifts due to strong coupling to the devices.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-07-05 Naftali Kirsh , Elisha Svetitsky , Alexander L. Burin , Moshe Schechter , Nadav Katz

We study modulation spectroscopy of the potassium D2 transitions at 766.7 nm. The vapour pressure, controlled by heating a commercial reference cell, is optimized using conventional saturated absorption spectroscopy. Subsequent heterodyne…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2012-05-03 L. Mudarikwa , K. Pahwa , J. Goldwin

We have realized a hybrid solid-state quantum device in which a single-electron semiconductor double quantum dot is dipole coupled to a superconducting microwave frequency transmission line resonator. The dipolar interaction between the two…