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Many organisms leverage an interplay between shape and activity to generate motion and adapt to their environment. Embedding such feedback into synthetic microrobots could eliminate the need for sensors, software, and actuators, yet current…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-06-19 Mengshi Wei , Daniela J. Kraft

True microrobots, in contrast with externally controlled microparticles, must harvest or carry their own source of energy, as well as their own (preferably programmable) microcontroller of actuators for locomotion, using information…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-26 Vineeth K. Bandari , Yeji Lee , Pranathi Adluri , Daniil Karnaushenko , Dmitriy D. Karnaushenko , John S. McCaskill , Oliver G. Schmidt

Inspired by the vertebrate branch of the animal kingdom, articulated soft robots are robotic systems embedding elastic elements into a classic rigid (skeleton-like) structure. Leveraging on their bodies elasticity, soft robots promise to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Cosimo Della Santina , Dominic Lakatos , Antonio Bicchi , Alin Albu-Schäffer

Controlled activity of active entities interacting with a passive environment can generate emergent system-level phenomena, positioning such systems as promising platforms for potential downstream applications in targeted drug delivery,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-10-07 Thomas Jacob , Siddhant Mohapatra , Rajalingam A , Sam Mathew , Pallab Sinha Mahapatra

Here, we report on a new class active particles capable of dynamically programmable motion powered by electricity. We have implemented physical principles that separate the propulsion and steering mechanisms of active motion using optically…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-09-25 Matan Zehavi , Ido Rachbuch , Sinwook Park , Touvia Miloh , Orlin Velev , Gilad Yossifon

We study the power of uncontrolled random molecular movement in the nubot model of self-assembly. The nubot model is an asynchronous nondeterministic cellular automaton augmented with rigid-body movement rules (push/pull, deterministically…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-09-18 Ho-Lin Chen , David Doty , Dhiraj Holden , Chris Thachuk , Damien Woods , Chun-Tao Yang

Many industries extensively use flexible materials. Effective approaches for handling flexible objects with a robot manipulator must address residual vibrations. Existing solutions rely on complex models, use additional instrumentation for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Daniele Ronzani , Shamil Mamedov , Jan Swevers

Active particles contain internal degrees of freedom with the ability to take in and dissipate energy and, in the process, execute systematic movement. Examples include all living organisms and their motile constituents such as molecular…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-05-18 Sriram Ramaswamy

We study experimentally, numerically and analytically, the dynamics of a chiral active particle (cm-sized robots), pulled at a constant translational velocity. We show that the system can be mapped to a Brownian particle driven across a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-06-26 Juan Pablo Carrillo-Mora , Adrià Garcés , Demian Levis

Traditional robotic mechanisms contain a series of rigid links connected by rotational joints that provide powered motion, all of which is controlled by a central processor. By contrast, analogous mechanisms found in nature, such as octopus…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Anurag Bhattacharyya , Jin-Young Kim , Lee R. Alacoque , Kai A. James

We investigate the sensorimotor loop of simple robots simulated within the LPZRobots environment from the point of view of dynamical systems theory. For a robot with a cylindrical shaped body and an actuator controlled by a single…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-01-18 Bulcsú Sándor , Tim Jahn , Laura Martin , Claudius Gros

Soft robots require directional control to navigate complex terrains. However, achieving such control often requires multiple actuators, which increases mechanical complexity, complicates control systems, and raises energy consumption.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Hari Prakash Thanabalan , Lars Bengtsson , Ugo Lafont , Giovanni Volpe

Active matter physics and swarm robotics have provided powerful tools for the study and control of ensembles driven by internal sources. At the macroscale, controlling swarms typically utilizes significant memory, processing power, and…

Differently from passive Brownian particles, active particles, also known as self-propelled Brownian particles or microswimmers and nanoswimmers, are capable of taking up energy from their environment and converting it into directed motion.…

This paper presents MicroRoboScope, a portable, compact, and versatile microrobotic experimentation platform designed for real-time, closed-loop control of both magnetic and acoustic microrobots. The system integrates an embedded computer,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Max Sokolich , Yanda Yang , Subrahmanyam Cherukumilli , Fatma Ceren Kirmizitas , Sambeeta Das

Researchers and robotic development groups have recently started paying special attention to autonomous mobile robot navigation in indoor environments using vision sensors. The required data is provided for robot navigation and object…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Qazwan Abdullah , Nor Shahida Mohd Shah , Mahathir Mohamad , Muaammar Hadi Kuzman Ali , Nabil Farah , Adeb Salh , Maged Aboali , Mahmod Abd Hakim Mohamad , Abdu Saif

This paper presents aims at mobility improvement of flexible underwater robots. For this purpose, a novel propulsion method using planar structural vibration pattern is proposed, and tested on two kinds of prototypes. The result of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-12-02 Jun Shintake , Aiguo Ming , Makoto Shimojo

Active matter comprises self-driven units, such as bacteria and synthetic microswimmers, that can spontaneously form complex patterns and assemble into functional microdevices. These processes are possible thanks to the out-of-equilibrium…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-11-17 Jens Grauer , Falko Schmidt , Jesus Pineda , Benjamin Midtvedt , Hartmut Löwen , Giovanni Volpe , Benno Liebchen

This paper introduces novel air actuated spherical robot called "RollRoller". The RollRoller robot consists of two essential parts: tubes covered with a shell as a frame and mechanical controlling parts to correspond movements. The…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-10-20 Seyed Amir Tafrishi

Active matter systems being in a non-equilibrium state, exhibit complex behaviors such as self-organization and giving rise to emergent phenomena. There are many examples of active particles with biological origins, including bacteria and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-04-15 Abdolhalim Torrik , Mahdi Zarif