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Robotic systems often face execution failures due to unexpected obstacles, sensor errors, or environmental changes. Traditional failure recovery methods rely on predefined strategies or human intervention, making them less adaptable. This…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Faseeh Ahmad , Hashim Ismail , Jonathan Styrud , Maj Stenmark , Volker Krueger

The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) for generating Behavior Trees (BTs) has recently gained attention in the robotics community, yet remains in its early stages of development. In this paper, we propose a novel framework that leverages…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Naoki Wake , Atsushi Kanehira , Jun Takamatsu , Kazuhiro Sasabuchi , Katsushi Ikeuchi

Large and small language models have been widely used for robotic task planning. At the same time, vision-language models (VLMs) have successfully tackled problems such as image captioning, scene understanding, and visual question…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Cristiano Battistini , Riccardo Andrea Izzo , Gianluca Bardaro , Matteo Matteucci

Large language models (LLMs) have gained increasing popularity in robotic task planning due to their exceptional abilities in text analytics and generation, as well as their broad knowledge of the world. However, they fall short in decoding…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Aoran Mei , Guo-Niu Zhu , Huaxiang Zhang , Zhongxue Gan

Robotic assembly tasks remain an open challenge due to their long horizon nature and complex part relations. Behavior trees (BTs) are increasingly used in robot task planning for their modularity and flexibility, but creating them manually…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Jicong Ao , Fan Wu , Yansong Wu , Abdalla Swikir , Sami Haddadin

We introduce a novel framework for automatic behavior tree (BT) construction in heterogeneous multi-robot systems, designed to address the challenges of adaptability and robustness in dynamic environments. Traditional robots are limited by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Chaoran Wang , Jingyuan Sun , Yanhui Zhang , Mingyu Zhang , Changju Wu

Language-conditioned robotic manipulation in open-world settings requires not only accurate task execution but also the ability to detect failures for robust deployment in real-world environments. Although recent advances in vision-language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Clemence Grislain , Hamed Rahimi , Olivier Sigaud , Mohamed Chetouani

Vision-language Models (VLMs), despite achieving strong performance on multimodal benchmarks, often misinterpret straightforward visual concepts that humans identify effortlessly, such as counting, spatial reasoning, and viewpoint…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Kanishk Jain , Qian Yang , Shravan Nayak , Parisa Kordjamshidi , Nishanth Anand , Aishwarya Agrawal

Vision Language Models (VLMs) play a crucial role in robotic manipulation by enabling robots to understand and interpret the visual properties of objects and their surroundings, allowing them to perform manipulation based on this multimodal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Nurhan Bulus Guran , Hanchi Ren , Jingjing Deng , Xianghua Xie

Current robot autonomy struggles to operate beyond the assumed Operational Design Domain (ODD), the specific set of conditions and environments in which the system is designed to function, while the real-world is rife with uncertainties…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Hongyi Chen , Yunchao Yao , Ruixuan Liu , Changliu Liu , Jeffrey Ichnowski

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been widely utilized to perform complex robotic tasks. However, handling external disturbances during tasks is still an open challenge. This paper proposes a novel method to achieve robotic adaptive tasks…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Haotian Zhou , Yunhan Lin , Longwu Yan , Jihong Zhu , Huasong Min

In this work, we highlight vulnerabilities in robotic systems integrating large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) due to input modality sensitivities. While LLM/VLM-controlled robots show impressive performance across…

This paper presents an innovative exploration of the application potential of large language models (LLM) in addressing the challenging task of automatically generating behavior trees (BTs) for complex tasks. The conventional manual BT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Fu Li , Xueying Wang , Bin Li , Yunlong Wu , Yanzhen Wang , Xiaodong Yi

Modern manufacturing demands robotic assembly systems with enhanced flexibility and reliability. However, traditional approaches often rely on programming tailored to each product by experts for fixed settings, which are inherently…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Xiwei Zhao , Yiwei Wang , Yansong Wu , Fan Wu , Teng Sun , Zhonghua Miao , Sami Haddadin , Alois Knoll

Automating garment manipulation poses a significant challenge for assistive robotics due to the diverse and deformable nature of garments. Traditional approaches typically require separate models for each garment type, which limits…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Xin Li , Siyuan Huang , Qiaojun Yu , Zhengkai Jiang , Ce Hao , Yimeng Zhu , Hongsheng Li , Peng Gao , Cewu Lu

Robotic manipulation in open-world settings requires not only task execution but also the ability to detect and learn from failures. While recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) and large language models (LLMs) have improved…

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are increasingly used in safety-critical applications because of their broad reasoning capabilities and ability to generalize with minimal task-specific engineering. Despite these advantages, they can exhibit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Isha Chaudhary , Vedaant V Jain , Kavya Sachdeva , Sayan Ranu , Gagandeep Singh

Advancements in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their potential in facilitating high-level reasoning, logical reasoning and robotics planning. Recently, LLMs have also been able to generate reward functions for low-level…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Marta Skreta , Zihan Zhou , Jia Lin Yuan , Kourosh Darvish , Alán Aspuru-Guzik , Animesh Garg

Recent advances in robotic manipulation have integrated low-level robotic control into Vision-Language Models (VLMs), extending them into Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models. Although state-of-the-art VLAs achieve strong performance in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Zijun Lin , Jiafei Duan , Haoquan Fang , Dieter Fox , Ranjay Krishna , Cheston Tan , Bihan Wen

Vision language models (VLMs) are AI systems paired with both language and vision encoders to process multimodal input. They are capable of performing complex semantic tasks such as automatic captioning, but it remains an open question…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Tyler Tran , Sangeet Khemlani , J. G. Trafton
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