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Transformer and its variants are a powerful class of architectures for sequential recommendation, owing to their ability of capturing a user's dynamic interests from their past interactions. Despite their success, Transformer-based models…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Vivian Lai , Huiyuan Chen , Chin-Chia Michael Yeh , Minghua Xu , Yiwei Cai , Hao Yang

Sequential recommender systems (SRS) have become the key technology in capturing user's dynamic interests and generating high-quality recommendations. Current state-of-the-art sequential recommender models are typically based on a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Yang Sun , Fajie Yuan , Min Yang , Guoao Wei , Zhou Zhao , Duo Liu

Many studies have been conducted to improve the efficiency of Transformer from quadric to linear. Among them, the low-rank-based methods aim to learn the projection matrices to compress the sequence length. However, the projection matrices…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Bosheng Qin , Juncheng Li , Siliang Tang , Yueting Zhuang

In the era of advancing information technology, recommender systems have emerged as crucial tools for dealing with information overload. However, traditional recommender systems still have limitations in capturing the dynamic evolution of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Mingjian Fu , Hengsheng Chen , Dongchun Jiang , Yanchao Tan

Modern deep neural networks (DNNs) have greatly facilitated the development of sequential recommender systems by achieving state-of-the-art recommendation performance on various sequential recommendation tasks. Given a sequence of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-26 Yang Li , Tong Chen , Peng-Fei Zhang , Hongzhi Yin

Sequential recommendation (SR) models based on Transformers have achieved remarkable successes. The self-attention mechanism of Transformers for computer vision and natural language processing suffers from the oversmoothing problem, i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Yehjin Shin , Jeongwhan Choi , Hyowon Wi , Noseong Park

Sequential patterns play an important role in building modern recommender systems. To this end, several recommender systems have been built on top of Markov Chains and Recurrent Models (among others). Although these sequential models have…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-08-28 An Yan , Shuo Cheng , Wang-Cheng Kang , Mengting Wan , Julian McAuley

Looped Transformers (LT) have emerged as a powerful architecture by iterating their layers multiple times before decoding the final token. However, pairing them with full attention retains quadratic complexity, making them computationally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Chunyuan Deng , Yizhe Zhang , Rui-Jie Zhu , Yuanyuan Xu , Jiarui Liu , T. S. Eugene Ng , Hanjie Chen

Transformers have proven highly effective across modalities, but standard softmax attention scales quadratically with sequence length, limiting long context modeling. Linear attention mitigates this by approximating attention with kernel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Ashkan Shahbazi , Chayne Thrash , Yikun Bai , Keaton Hamm , Navid NaderiAlizadeh , Soheil Kolouri

Transformers have shown dominant performance across a range of domains including language and vision. However, their computational cost grows quadratically with the sequence length, making their usage prohibitive for resource-constrained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Yinghan Long , Sayeed Shafayet Chowdhury , Kaushik Roy

Attribute-aware sequential recommendation entails predicting the next item a user will interact with based on a chronologically ordered history of past interactions, enriched with item attributes. Existing methods typically leverage…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Shereen Elsayed , Ngoc Son Le , Ahmed Rashed , Lars Schmidt-Thieme

Transformer models have been successful in various sequence processing tasks, but the self-attention mechanism's computational cost limits its practicality for long sequences. Although there are existing attention variants that improve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Zicheng Liu , Li Wang , Siyuan Li , Zedong Wang , Haitao Lin , Stan Z. Li

Dot-product attention has wide applications in computer vision and natural language processing. However, its memory and computational costs grow quadratically with the input size. Such growth prohibits its application on high-resolution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Zhuoran Shen , Mingyuan Zhang , Haiyu Zhao , Shuai Yi , Hongsheng Li

Sequential recommendation is a task to capture hidden user preferences from historical user item interaction data and recommend next items for the user. Significant progress has been made in this domain by leveraging classification based…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Panfeng Cao , Pietro Lio

Self-Attentive Sequential Recommendation (SASRec) effectively captures long-term user preferences by applying attention mechanisms to historical interactions. Concurrently, the rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has motivated research…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Kechen Liu

Transformer-based sequential recommenders, such as SASRec or BERT4Rec, typically rely solely on learned item ID embeddings, making them vulnerable to the item cold-start problem, particularly in environments with dynamic item catalogs.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Jan Malte Lichtenberg , Antonio De Candia , Matteo Ruffini

Transformer-based recommender systems, such as BERT4Rec or SASRec, achieve state-of-the-art results in sequential recommendation. However, it is challenging to use these models in production environments with catalogues of millions of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Aleksandr V. Petrov , Craig Macdonald , Nicola Tonellotto

Recently, sequential recommendation has been adapted to the LLM paradigm to enjoy the power of LLMs. LLM-based methods usually formulate recommendation information into natural language and the model is trained to predict the next item in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Hanbing Wang , Xiaorui Liu , Wenqi Fan , Xiangyu Zhao , Venkataramana Kini , Devendra Yadav , Fei Wang , Zhen Wen , Jiliang Tang , Hui Liu

Processing spatial data is a key component in many learning tasks for autonomous driving such as motion forecasting, multi-agent simulation, and planning. Prior works have demonstrated the value in using SE(2) invariant network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Ethan Pronovost , Neha Boloor , Peter Schleede , Noureldin Hendy , Andres Morales , Nicholas Roy

Pairwise dot product-based attention allows Transformers to exchange information between tokens in an input-dependent way, and is key to their success across diverse applications in language and vision. However, a typical Transformer model…