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We propose image-to-image diffusion models that are designed to enhance the realism and details of generated brain images by introducing sharp edges, fine textures, subtle anatomical features, and imaging noise. Generative models have been…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-28 Shen Zhu , Yinzhu Jin , Tyler Spears , Ifrah Zawar , P. Thomas Fletcher

Precision in identifying nanometer-scale device-killer defects is crucial in both semiconductor research and development as well as in production processes. The effectiveness of existing ML-based approaches in this context is largely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Bappaditya Dey , Vic De Ridder , Victor Blanco , Sandip Halder , Bartel Van Waeyenberge

Recent advancements in text-to-image (T2I) generation models have transformed the field. However, challenges persist in generating images that reflect demanding textual descriptions, especially for fine-grained details and unusual…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Ran Li , Xiaomeng Jin , Heng ji

Simulation-based image quality metrics are adapted and investigated for characterizing the parameter dependences of linear iterative image reconstruction for DBT. Three metrics based on 2D DBT simulation are investigated: (1) a…

Medical Physics · Physics 2017-11-01 Sean D. Rose , Adrian A. Sanchez , Emil Y. Sidky , Xiaochuan Pan

Deep learning applications for assessing medical images are limited because the datasets are often small and imbalanced. The use of synthetic data has been proposed in the literature, but neither a robust comparison of the different methods…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-05 Guilherme C. Oliveira , Gustavo H. Rosa , Daniel C. G. Pedronette , João P. Papa , Himeesh Kumar , Leandro A. Passos , Dinesh Kumar

Recent advances in diffusion models have led to a quantum leap in the quality of generative visual content. However, quantification of realism of the content is still challenging. Existing evaluation metrics, such as Inception Score and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Yunzhuo Chen , Naveed Akhtar , Nur Al Hasan Haldar , Ajmal Mian

The ability to automatically estimate the quality and coverage of the samples produced by a generative model is a vital requirement for driving algorithm research. We present an evaluation metric that can separately and reliably measure…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-31 Tuomas Kynkäänniemi , Tero Karras , Samuli Laine , Jaakko Lehtinen , Timo Aila

Nowadays, image compression solutions are increasingly designed to operate within high-fidelity quality ranges, where preserving even the most subtle details of the original image is essential. In this context, the ability to detect and…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Shima Mohammadi , Mohsen Jenadeleh , Jon Sneyers , Dietmar Saupe , João Ascenso

Fr\'echet Inception Distance (FID) is the primary metric for ranking models in data-driven generative modeling. While remarkably successful, the metric is known to sometimes disagree with human judgement. We investigate a root cause of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Tuomas Kynkäänniemi , Tero Karras , Miika Aittala , Timo Aila , Jaakko Lehtinen

Synthetic generation of three-dimensional cell models from histopathological images aims to enhance understanding of cell mutation, and progression of cancer, necessary for clinical assessment and optimal treatment. Classical reconstruction…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-09 Yoav Alon , Xiang Yu , Huiyu Zhou

With the popularization of high-end mobile devices, Ultra-high-definition (UHD) images have become ubiquitous in our lives. The restoration of UHD images is a highly challenging problem due to the exaggerated pixel count, which often leads…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Chen Wu , Ling Wang , Long Peng , Dianjie Lu , Zhuoran Zheng

This research addresses a critical challenge in the field of generative models, particularly in the generation and evaluation of synthetic images. Given the inherent complexity of generative models and the absence of a standardized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Majid Memari , Khaled R. Ahmed , Shahram Rahimi , Noorbakhsh Amiri Golilarz

In biomedical image analysis, data imbalance is common across several imaging modalities. Data augmentation is one of the key solutions in addressing this limitation. Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are increasingly being relied upon…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-08 Muhammad Muneeb Saad , Mubashir Husain Rehmani , Ruairi O'Reilly

This paper presents a novel method for the reconstruction of images from samples located at non-integer positions, called mesh. This is a common scenario for many image processing applications, such as super-resolution, warping or virtual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Ján Koloda , Jürgen Seiler , André Kaup

In the past decades, automated high-content microscopy demonstrated its ability to deliver large quantities of image-based data powering the versatility of phenotypic drug screening and systems biology applications. However, as the sizes of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-24 Vaibhav Sharma , Artur Yakimovich

Current approaches for restoration of degraded images face a trade-off: high-performance models are slow for practical use, while fast models produce poor results. Knowledge distillation transfers teacher knowledge to students, but existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Shourya Verma , Mengbo Wang , Nadia Atallah Lanman , Ananth Grama

Distilled diffusion models accelerate image generation by reducing the number of denoising steps, but often suffer from degraded image quality. To mitigate this trade-off, test-time optimization methods improve quality, yet their iterative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Haewon Jeon , Si-Hyeon Lee

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading worldwide cause of cancer-related mortality, and the role of prompt precise detection is of paramount interest in improving patient outcomes. Conventional diagnostic methods such as colonoscopy and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-29 Ovi Sarkar , Md Shafiuzzaman , Md. Faysal Ahamed , Golam Mahmud , Muhammad E. H. Chowdhury

Few-Shot Medical Image Segmentation (FSMIS) aims to segment novel classes of medical objects using only a few labeled images. Prototype-based methods have made significant progress in addressing FSMIS. However, they typically generate a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Chao Fan , Xibin Jia , Anqi Xiao , Hongyuan Yu , Zhenghan Yang , Dawei Yang , Hui Xu , Yan Huang , Liang Wang

We present a novel high frequency residual learning framework, which leads to a highly efficient multi-scale network (MSNet) architecture for mobile and embedded vision problems. The architecture utilizes two networks: a low resolution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-08 Bowen Cheng , Rong Xiao , Jianfeng Wang , Thomas Huang , Lei Zhang