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Related papers: Heavy element abundances from a universal primordi…

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Big-bang nucleosynthesis is one of the cornerstones of the standard cosmology. For almost thirty years its predictions have been used to test the big-bang model to within a fraction of a second of the bang. The concordance that exists…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-22 Craig J Copi , David N. Schramm , Michael S. Turner

Although the detailed conditions for explosive nucleosynthesis are derived from astrophysical modeling, nuclear physics determines fundamental patterns in abundance yields, not only for equilibrium processes. Focussing on the nu-p- and the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-04-04 T. Rauscher , C. Fröhlich

The open question of where, when, and how the heavy elements beyond iron enrich our Universe has triggered a new era in nuclear physics studies.\ Of all the relevant nuclear physics inputs, the mass of very neutron-rich nuclides is a key…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-08-05 B. H. Sun , Yu. A. Litvinov , I. Tanihata , Y. H. Zhang

The astrophysical rapid neutron capture process or `$r$ process' of nucleosynthesis is believed to be responsible for the production of approximately half the heavy element abundances found in nature. This multifaceted problem remains one…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-01-20 M. R. Mumpower , R. Surman , G. C. McLaughlin , A. Aprahamian

As an explosion develops in the collapsed core of a massive star, neutrino emission drives convection in a hot bubble of radiation, nucleons, and pairs just outside a proto-neutron star. Shortly thereafter, neutrinos drive a wind-like…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 J. Pruet , S. E. Woosley , R. Buras , H. -T. Janka , R. D. Hoffman

Ground- and space-based observations of stellar heavy element abundances are providing a clearer picture of the chemical evolution of the Galaxy. A large number of (r)apid and (s)low neutron capture process elements, including the first…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 John J Cowan , Christopher Sneden , James W Truran , Debra L Burris

Using the cosmological constants derived from WMAP, the standard big bang nucleosynthesis (SBBN) predicts the light elements primordial abundances for 4He, 3He, D, 6Li and 7Li. These predictions are in satisfactory agreement with the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-08-13 M. Spite , F. Spite , P. Bonifacio

We present a series of systematic abundance measurements for 25 hot DA white dwarfs in the temperature range ~20000-110000K, based on far-UV spectroscopy with STIS/GHRS on HST, IUE and FUSE. Using our latest heavy element blanketed non-LTE…

In high energy heavy-ion collisions, the two colliding nuclei pass through each other leaving behind an almost baryon free central rapidity region. Most of the baryons are carried away by the nuclear remnants and are located in the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-01-02 Ming Li , Chun Shen

It is theoretically and experimentally argued that there may exist bubble or toroid-shaped configurations in some nucleus systems. Based on the nuclear transport model, it is shown that compared with the collision of normal nuclei, there is…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-05-25 Gao-Chan Yong

Comparing observational abundance features with nucleosynthesis predictions of stellar evolution or explosion simulations can scrutinize two aspects: (a) the conditions in the astrophysical production site and (b) the quality of the nuclear…

Electron mass is known to modify at finite temperatures and densities. Weak nuclear processes have a great impact on electron mass which modifies in a statistical background. We demonstrate how the temperature change in electron mass is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-12-31 Samina Masood , Jaskeerat Singh

A widely accepted viewpoint is to consider candidates for cosmological dark matter as neutral and weakly interacting particles, as well as to consider only light elements in the pregalactic chemical composition. It is shown that stable…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-01-03 M. Yu. Khlopov

Big Bang Nucleosynthesis provides us with an observational insight into the very early Universe. Since this mechanism of light element synthesis comes out of the standard model of particle cosmology which follows directly from General…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-14 Sai Swagat Mishra , Ameya Kolhatkar , P. K. Sahoo

We consider the implications of the modified dispersion relations, due to the noncommutativity of the spacetime, for a photon gas filling the early Universe in the framework of the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) processes, during the period…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-28 Teodora Maria Matei , Cristian Croitoru , Tiberiu Harko

The mass and total kinetic energy distributions of the fission fragments in the fission of even-even isotopes of superheavy elements from Hs (Z=108) to Og (Z=118) are estimated using a pre-scission point model. We restrict to nuclei for…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-06-19 N. Carjan , F. A. Ivanyuk , Yu. Ts. Oganessian

Big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN), an epoch of primordial nuclear transformations in the expanding Universe, has left an observable imprint in the abundances of light elements. Precision observations of such abundances, combined with…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-04-14 Maxim Pospelov , Josef Pradler

We study nuclear dynamics at the the energy of vanishing flow for neutron-rich systems. In particular, we shall study the collision rate, density and temperature reached in a heavy-ion reaction with neutron-rich systems. We shall also study…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-07-04 Sakshi Gautam

How are the heavy elements formed? This has been a key open question in physics for decades. Recent direct detections of neutron star mergers and observations of evolved stars show signatures of chemical elements in the blue range of their…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-16 Camilla Juul Hansen

Z-boson exchange interaction induces attractive force between left-handed neutrino and neutron. The Ginzburg-Landau mean field calculation and the Bogoliubov transformation suggest that this attractive force leads to neutrino-neutron pair…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-09-13 M. Yoshimura