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Speech enhancement plays an essential role in various applications, and the integration of visual information has been demonstrated to bring substantial advantages. However, the majority of current research concentrates on the examination…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Xinyuan Qian , Jiaran Gao , Yaodan Zhang , Qiquan Zhang , Hexin Liu , Leibny Paola Garcia , Haizhou Li

Automatic speech quality assessment is essential for audio researchers, developers, speech and language pathologists, and system quality engineers. The current state-of-the-art systems are based on framewise speech features (hand-engineered…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-15 Karl El Hajal , Zihan Wu , Neil Scheidwasser-Clow , Gasser Elbanna , Milos Cernak

General audio understanding is a fundamental goal for large audio-language models, with audio captioning serving as a cornerstone task for their development. However, progress in this domain is hindered by existing datasets, which lack the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-26 Yadong Niu , Tianzi Wang , Heinrich Dinkel , Xingwei Sun , Jiahao Zhou , Gang Li , Jizhong Liu , Junbo Zhang , Jian Luan

Neural audio codecs (NACs) achieve low-bitrate compression by learning compact audio representations, which can also serve as features for perceptual quality evaluation. We introduce DACe, an enhanced, higher-fidelity version of the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-23 Arijit Biswas , Lars Villemoes

Recent literature uses language to build foundation models for audio. These Audio-Language Models (ALMs) are trained on a vast number of audio-text pairs and show remarkable performance in tasks including Text-to-Audio Retrieval,…

Audio-text relevance learning refers to learning the shared semantic properties of audio samples and textual descriptions. The standard approach uses binary relevances derived from pairs of audio samples and their human-provided captions,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-28 Huang Xie , Khazar Khorrami , Okko Räsänen , Tuomas Virtanen

Assessing the naturalness of speech using mean opinion score (MOS) prediction models has positive implications for the automatic evaluation of speech synthesis systems. Early MOS prediction models took the raw waveform or amplitude spectrum…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Yu-Fei Shi , Yang Ai , Ye-Xin Lu , Hui-Peng Du , Zhen-Hua Ling

Image captioning is the process of generating a natural language description of an image. Most current image captioning models, however, do not take into account the emotional aspect of an image, which is very relevant to activities and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-28 Omid Mohamad Nezami , Mark Dras , Peter Anderson , Len Hamey

Generative models have shown significant achievements in audio generation tasks. However, existing models struggle with complex and detailed prompts, leading to potential performance degradation. We hypothesize that this problem stems from…

Objective metrics for emotional expressiveness are vital for speech generation, particularly in expressive synthesis and voice conversion requiring emotional prosody transfer. To quantify this, the field widely relies on emotion similarity…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-30 Yun-Shao Tsai , Yi-Cheng Lin , Huang-Cheng Chou , Tzu-Wen Hsu , Yun-Man Hsu , Chun Wei Chen , Shrikanth Narayanan , Hung-yi Lee

It is an open challenge to obtain high quality training data, especially captions, for text-to-audio models. Although prior methods have leveraged \textit{text-only language models} to augment and improve captions, such methods have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Zhifeng Kong , Sang-gil Lee , Deepanway Ghosal , Navonil Majumder , Ambuj Mehrish , Rafael Valle , Soujanya Poria , Bryan Catanzaro

Audio-Visual Target Speaker Extraction (AV-TSE) aims to mimic the human ability to enhance auditory perception using visual cues. Although numerous models have been proposed recently, most of them estimate target signals by primarily…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Wenxuan Wu , Xueyuan Chen , Shuai Wang , Jiadong Wang , Lingwei Meng , Xixin Wu , Helen Meng , Haizhou Li

Audio Question Answering (AQA) is a key task for evaluating Audio-Language Models (ALMs), yet assessing open-ended responses remains challenging. Existing metrics used for AQA such as BLEU, METEOR and BERTScore, mostly adapted from NLP and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-07 Satvik Dixit , Soham Deshmukh , Bhiksha Raj

Underspecification and fairness in machine learning (ML) applications have recently become two prominent issues in the ML community. Acoustic scene classification (ASC) applications have so far remained unaffected by this discussion, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Andreas Triantafyllopoulos , Manuel Milling , Konstantinos Drossos , Björn W. Schuller

We propose EnCLAP, a novel framework for automated audio captioning. EnCLAP employs two acoustic representation models, EnCodec and CLAP, along with a pretrained language model, BART. We also introduce a new training objective called masked…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-01 Jaeyeon Kim , Jaeyoon Jung , Jinjoo Lee , Sang Hoon Woo

Image aesthetic quality assessment (AQA) aims to assign numerical aesthetic ratings to images whilst image aesthetic captioning (IAC) aims to generate textual descriptions of the aesthetic aspects of images. In this paper, we study image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Zhipeng Zhong , Fei Zhou , Guoping Qiu

Image captioning has conventionally relied on reference-based automatic evaluations, where machine captions are compared against captions written by humans. This is in contrast to the reference-free manner in which humans assess caption…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Jack Hessel , Ari Holtzman , Maxwell Forbes , Ronan Le Bras , Yejin Choi

This paper presents a new metric called TIGEr for the automatic evaluation of image captioning systems. Popular metrics, such as BLEU and CIDEr, are based solely on text matching between reference captions and machine-generated captions,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-06 Ming Jiang , Qiuyuan Huang , Lei Zhang , Xin Wang , Pengchuan Zhang , Zhe Gan , Jana Diesner , Jianfeng Gao

In this paper, we present Speak Ease: an augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) system to support users' expressivity by integrating multimodal input, including text, voice, and contextual cues (conversational partner and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Yiwen Xu , Monideep Chakraborti , Tianyi Zhang , Katelyn Eng , Aanchan Mohan , Mirjana Prpa

This paper proposes to use similarities of audio captions for estimating audio-caption relevances to be used for training text-based audio retrieval systems. Current audio-caption datasets (e.g., Clotho) contain audio samples paired with…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-03 Huang Xie , Khazar Khorrami , Okko Räsänen , Tuomas Virtanen