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Federated Learning (FL) aims to learn a single global model that enables the central server to help the model training in local clients without accessing their local data. The key challenge of FL is the heterogeneity of local data in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Sicong Liang , Junchao Tian , Shujun Yang , Yu Zhang

We study the task of personalized federated fine-tuning with heterogeneous data in the context of language models, where clients collaboratively fine-tune a language model (e.g., BERT, GPT) without sharing their local data, achieving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Jie Hao , Yuman Wu , Ali Payani , Myungjin Lee , Mingrui Liu

The paper studies a fundamental federated learning (FL) problem involving multiple clients with heterogeneous constrained resources. Compared with the numerous training parameters, the computing and communication resources of clients are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Ruirui Zhang , Xingze Wu , Yifei Zou , Zhenzhen Xie , Peng Li , Xiuzhen Cheng , Dongxiao Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across various tasks, but fine-tuning them for domain-specific applications often requires substantial domain-specific data that may be distributed across multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Lei Wang , Jieming Bian , Letian Zhang , Jie Xu

Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) have demonstrated their superiority and versatility in modern Natural Language Processing (NLP), effectively adapting to various downstream tasks through further fine-tuning. Federated Parameter-Efficient…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Fei Wu , Jia Hu , Geyong Min , Shiqiang Wang

Parameter-efficient finetuning (PEFT) is a key technique for adapting large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks. In this paper, we study leveraging knowledge graph embeddings to improve the effectiveness of PEFT. We propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Xindi Luo , Zequn Sun , Jing Zhao , Zhe Zhao , Wei Hu

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed learning framework that leverages commonalities between distributed client datasets to train a global model. Under heterogeneous clients, however, FL can fail to produce stable training results.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Connor J. Mclaughlin , Lili Su

Federated Learning (FL) has become an established technique to facilitate privacy-preserving collaborative training across a multitude of clients. However, new approaches to FL often discuss their contributions involving small deep-learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Herbert Woisetschläger , Alexander Isenko , Shiqiang Wang , Ruben Mayer , Hans-Arno Jacobsen

Large language models (LLMs) have driven profound transformations in wireless networks. However, within wireless environments, the training of LLMs faces significant challenges related to security and privacy. Federated Learning (FL), with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Feibo Jiang , Li Dong , Siwei Tu , Yubo Peng , Kezhi Wang , Kun Yang , Cunhua Pan , Dusit Niyato

Federated Domain Adaptation (FDA) is a Federated Learning (FL) scenario where models are trained across multiple clients with unique data domains but a shared category space, without transmitting private data. The primary challenge in FDA…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Jingyuan Zhang , Yiyang Duan , Shuaicheng Niu , Yang Cao , Wei Yang Bryan Lim

With increasing privacy concerns on data, recent studies have made significant progress using federated learning (FL) on privacy-sensitive natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Much literature suggests fully fine-tuning pre-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Zhuo Zhang , Yuanhang Yang , Yong Dai , Lizhen Qu , Zenglin Xu

Personalized federated learning (FL) aims to train model(s) that can perform well for individual clients that are highly data and system heterogeneous. Most work in personalized FL, however, assumes using the same model architecture at all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Yae Jee Cho , Jianyu Wang , Tarun Chiruvolu , Gauri Joshi

Foundation models have revolutionized artificial intelligence by providing robust, versatile architectures pre-trained on large-scale datasets. However, adapting these massive models to specific downstream tasks requires fine-tuning, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Jieming Bian , Yuanzhe Peng , Lei Wang , Yin Huang , Jie Xu

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm where multiple clients conduct local training based on their private data, then the updated models are sent to a central server for global aggregation. The practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Harsh Vardhan , Xiaofan Yu , Tajana Rosing , Arya Mazumdar

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging technique that trains massive and geographically distributed edge data while maintaining privacy. However, FL has inherent challenges in terms of fairness and computational efficiency due to the rising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Yingchun Wang , Jingcai Guo , Jie Zhang , Song Guo , Weizhan Zhang , Qinghua Zheng

Adapting pretrained language models to novel domains, such as clinical applications, traditionally involves retraining their entire set of parameters. Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) techniques for fine-tuning language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Aryo Pradipta Gema , Pasquale Minervini , Luke Daines , Tom Hope , Beatrice Alex

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) through Transformer structures have dominated many machine learning tasks, especially text processing. However, these models require massive amounts of data for training and induce high resource…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Kilian Pfeiffer , Mohamed Aboelenien Ahmed , Ramin Khalili , Jörg Henkel

Fine-tuning pre-trained large language models (LLMs) has become a common practice for personalized natural language understanding (NLU) applications on downstream tasks and domain-specific datasets. However, there are two main challenges:…

Federated learning (FL) has become a prevalent distributed machine learning paradigm with improved privacy. After learning, the resulting federated model should be further personalized to each different client. While several methods have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Bingyan Liu , Yao Guo , Xiangqun Chen

Federated learning (FL) is an appealing paradigm that allows a group of machines (a.k.a. clients) to learn collectively while keeping their data local. However, due to the heterogeneity between the clients' data distributions, the model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Youssef Allouah , Abdellah El Mrini , Rachid Guerraoui , Nirupam Gupta , Rafael Pinot