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In this work, we explore finite-dimensional linear representations of nonlinear dynamical systems by restricting the Koopman operator to an invariant subspace. The Koopman operator is an infinite-dimensional linear operator that evolves…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-04-27 Steven L. Brunton , Bingni W. Brunton , Joshua L. Proctor , J. Nathan Kutz

We propose a scheme for data-driven parameterization of unresolved dimensions of dynamical systems based on the mathematical framework of quantum mechanics and Koopman operator theory. Given a system in which some components of the state…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-08-09 David Freeman , Dimitrios Giannakis , Joanna Slawinska

The Kalman filter is a fundamental filtering algorithm that fuses noisy sensory data, a previous state estimate, and a dynamics model to produce a principled estimate of the current state. It assumes, and is optimal for, linear models and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-04-30 Beren Millidge , Alexander Tschantz , Anil Seth , Christopher Buckley

When complex systems with nonlinear dynamics achieve an output performance objective, only a fraction of the state dynamics significantly impacts that output. Those minimal state dynamics can be identified using the differential geometric…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-19 Shara Balakrishnan , Aqib Hasnain , Robert Egbert , Enoch Yeung

The Koopman operator framework provides a perspective that non-linear dynamics can be described through the lens of linear operators acting on function spaces. As the framework naturally yields linear embedding models, there have been…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-09 Daisuke Uchida , Karthik Duraisamy

Kernel methods in machine learning use a kernel function that takes two data points as input and returns their inner product after mapping them to a Hilbert space, implicitly and without actually computing the mapping. For many kernel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Kamaledin Ghiasi-Shirazi , Mohammadreza Qaraei

We propose a tensor network framework for approximating the evolution of observables of measure-preserving ergodic systems. Our approach is based on a spectrally-convergent approximation of the skew-adjoint Koopman generator by a…

Kernel methods form a powerful, versatile, and theoretically-grounded unifying framework to solve nonlinear problems in signal processing and machine learning. The standard approach relies on the kernel trick to perform pairwise evaluations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-11 Kan Li , Jose C. Principe

Kalman filters provide a straightforward and interpretable means to estimate hidden or latent variables, and have found numerous applications in control, robotics, signal processing, and machine learning. One such application is neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Josue Casco-Rodriguez , Caleb Kemere , Richard G. Baraniuk

This work studies finite sample approximations of the exact and entropic regularized Wasserstein distances between centered Gaussian processes and, more generally, covariance operators of functional random processes. We first show that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-04-27 Minh Ha Quang

Transfer operators such as the Perron--Frobenius or Koopman operator play an important role in the global analysis of complex dynamical systems. The eigenfunctions of these operators can be used to detect metastable sets, to project the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-12-02 Stefan Klus , Ingmar Schuster , Krikamol Muandet

We consider the application of Koopman theory to nonlinear partial differential equations. We demonstrate that the observables chosen for constructing the Koopman operator are critical for enabling an accurate approximation to the nonlinear…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2016-07-26 J. Nathan Kutz , Joshua L. Proctor , Steven L. Brunton

Koopman operator theory provides a global linear representation of nonlinear dynamics and underpins many data-driven methods. In practice, however, finite-dimensional feature spaces induced by a user-chosen dictionary are rarely invariant,…

This paper introduces algorithms to select/design kernels in Gaussian process regression/kriging surrogate modeling techniques. We adopt the setting of kernel method solutions in ad hoc functional spaces, namely Reproducing Kernel Hilbert…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-09-07 Jean-Luc Akian , Luc Bonnet , Houman Owhadi , Éric Savin

These notes provide a self-contained introduction to kernel methods and their geometric foundations in machine learning. Starting from the construction of Hilbert spaces, we develop the theory of positive definite kernels, reproducing…

Transfer and Koopman operator methods offer a framework for representing complex, nonlinear dynamical systems via linear transformations, enabling a deeper understanding of the underlying dynamics. The spectra of these operators provide…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-03-25 Gary Froyland , Kevin Kühl

Discovering a suitable coordinate transformation for nonlinear systems enables the construction of simpler models, facilitating prediction, control, and optimization for complex nonlinear systems. To that end, Koopman operator theory offers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Pawan Goyal , Süleyman Yıldız , Peter Benner

We propose a new data-driven approach for learning the fundamental solutions (Green's functions) of various linear partial differential equations (PDEs) given sample pairs of input-output functions. Building off the theory of functional…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-04-11 George Stepaniants

We study non-linear data-dimension reduction. We are motivated by the classical linear framework of Principal Component Analysis. In nonlinear case, we introduce instead a new kernel-Principal Component Analysis, manifold and feature space…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2022-09-09 Palle E. T. Jorgensen , Sooran Kang , Myung-Sin Song , Feng Tian

Federated learning must address heterogeneity, strict communication and computation limits, and privacy while ensuring performance. We propose an operator-theoretic framework that maps the $L^2$-optimal solution into a reproducing kernel…