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Instruction tuning has optimized the specialized capabilities of large language models (LLMs), but it often requires extensive datasets and prolonged training times. The challenge lies in developing specific capabilities by identifying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Run Zou , Jianhang Ding , Yifan Ding , Wen Wu , Hao Chen , Renshu Gu

In recent years, instruction tuning has gained increasing attention and emerged as a crucial technique to enhance the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). To construct high-quality instruction datasets, many instruction processing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Yixin Ou , Ningyu Zhang , Honghao Gui , Ziwen Xu , Shuofei Qiao , Yida Xue , Runnan Fang , Kangwei Liu , Lei Li , Zhen Bi , Guozhou Zheng , Huajun Chen

This paper introduces MM-Instruct, a large-scale dataset of diverse and high-quality visual instruction data designed to enhance the instruction-following capabilities of large multimodal models (LMMs). While existing visual instruction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Jihao Liu , Xin Huang , Jinliang Zheng , Boxiao Liu , Jia Wang , Osamu Yoshie , Yu Liu , Hongsheng Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in natural language processing and generation, yet their ability to handle long-context input remains constrained by the quadratic complexity of attention computation and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Manlai Liang , Wanyi Huang , Mandi Liu , Huaijun Li , Jinlong Li

Despite rapid advances in the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), they continue to struggle with following relatively simple and unambiguous instructions, particularly when compositional structure is involved. Recent work suggests…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Prince Kumar , Rudra Murthy , Riyaz Bhat , Danish Contractor

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable generative capabilities but often suffer from hallucinations. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) offers an effective solution by incorporating external knowledge, but existing methods still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Xiaoxi Li , Jiajie Jin , Yujia Zhou , Yongkang Wu , Zhonghua Li , Qi Ye , Zhicheng Dou

Large Language Models (LLMs), trained on extensive web-scale corpora, have demonstrated remarkable abilities across diverse tasks, especially as they are scaled up. Nevertheless, even state-of-the-art models struggle in certain cases,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Irina Bigoulaeva , Harish Tayyar Madabushi , Iryna Gurevych

Large Language Models (LLMs) are pretrained on massive datasets and later instruction-tuned via supervised fine-tuning (SFT) or reinforcement learning (RL). Best practices emphasize large, diverse pretraining data, whereas post-training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Adel Javanmard , Baharan Mirzasoleiman , Vahab Mirrokni

Compressing Large Language Models (LLMs) often leads to reduced performance, especially for knowledge-intensive tasks. In this work, we dive into how compression damages LLMs' inherent knowledge and the possible remedies. We start by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Duc N. M Hoang , Minsik Cho , Thomas Merth , Mohammad Rastegari , Zhangyang Wang

Model pruning is an effective approach for compressing large language models (LLMs). However, this process often leads to significant degradation of model capabilities. While post-training techniques such as instruction tuning are commonly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Bowei He , Lihao Yin , Hui-Ling Zhen , Xiaokun Zhang , Mingxuan Yuan , Chen Ma

The advent of transformer-based architectures and large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the performance of natural language processing (NLP) models. Since these LLMs are trained on huge corpuses of data from the web and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Arkadeep Baksi , Rahul Singh , Tarun Joshi

We investigate the internal behavior of Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) when they generate factually incorrect text. We propose modeling factual queries as constraint satisfaction problems and use this framework to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Mert Yuksekgonul , Varun Chandrasekaran , Erik Jones , Suriya Gunasekar , Ranjita Naik , Hamid Palangi , Ece Kamar , Besmira Nushi

The increasing size and complexity of pre-trained language models have demonstrated superior performance in many applications, but they usually require large training datasets to be adequately trained. Insufficient training sets could…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Yaping Chai , Haoran Xie , Joe S. Qin

Post-training has emerged as a crucial technique for aligning pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) with human instructions, significantly enhancing their performance across a wide range of tasks. Central to this process is the quality…

To enhance the performance of large language models (LLMs) in biomedical natural language processing (BioNLP) by introducing a domain-specific instruction dataset and examining its impact when combined with multi-task learning principles.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Hieu Tran , Zhichao Yang , Zonghai Yao , Hong Yu

Large language models (LLMs) have been significantly improved by instruction fine-tuning, but still lack transparency and the ability to utilize up-to-date knowledge and information. In this work, we propose search-augmented instruction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Hongyin Luo , Yung-Sung Chuang , Yuan Gong , Tianhua Zhang , Yoon Kim , Xixin Wu , Danny Fox , Helen Meng , James Glass

Training large language models (LLMs) with open-domain instruction following data brings colossal success. However, manually creating such instruction data is very time-consuming and labor-intensive. Moreover, humans may struggle to produce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Can Xu , Qingfeng Sun , Kai Zheng , Xiubo Geng , Pu Zhao , Jiazhan Feng , Chongyang Tao , Qingwei Lin , Daxin Jiang

While recent Large Language Models (LLMs) have proven useful in answering user queries, they are prone to hallucination, and their responses often lack credibility due to missing references to reliable sources. An intuitive solution to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Chengyu Huang , Zeqiu Wu , Yushi Hu , Wenya Wang

High-quality instruction data is crucial for developing large language models (LLMs), yet existing approaches struggle to effectively control instruction complexity. We present TAG-INSTRUCT, a novel framework that enhances instruction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 He Zhu , Zhiwen Ruan , Junyou Su , Xingwei He , Yun Chen , Wenjia Zhang , Guanhua Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) often suffer from overconfidence during inference, particularly when adapted to downstream domain-specific tasks with limited data. Previous work addresses this issue by employing approximate Bayesian estimation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Yibin Wang , Haizhou Shi , Ligong Han , Dimitris Metaxas , Hao Wang
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