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High harmonic generation (HHG) provides a flexible framework for the development of coherent light sources in the extreme-ultraviolet and soft x-ray regimes. However it suffers from low conversion efficiencies as the control of the HHG…

Optics · Physics 2014-09-16 Alberto Castro , Angel Rubio , E. K. U. Gross

We demonstrate unexpectedly strong second harmonic generation (SHG) in Argon gas by use of spatiotemporally focused (SF) femtosecond laser pulses. The resulting SHG by the SF scheme at a 75 cm distance shows a significantly enhanced…

A theoretical optimization method of high-harmonic-generation (HHG) is developed in the framework of optimal-control-theory (OCT). The target of optimization is the emission radiation of a particular frequency. The OCT formulation includes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-19 Ido Schaefer , Ronnie Kosloff

We theoretically investigate high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in Rydberg atoms driven by spatially inhomogeneous laser fields, induced, for instance, by plasmonic enhancement. It is well known that the laser intensity should to exceed…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2016-07-08 Y. Tikman , I. Yavuz , M. F. Ciappina , A. Chacon , Z. Altun , M. Lewenstein

Physical simulation-based optimization is a common task in science and engineering. Many such simulations produce image- or tensor-based outputs where the desired objective is a function of those outputs, and optimization is performed over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-01 Wesley Maddox , Qing Feng , Max Balandat

High-harmonic generation (HHG) normally requires a careful adjustment of the driving laser intensity (typically $10^{14} - 10^{15}$ W/cm$^2$) and gas medium parameters to enable good phase matching conditions. In contrast with conventional…

We use Bayesian optimization in combination with three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations to determine the optimal laser and plasma parameters that, for a given laser pulse energy, maximize the cut-off energy of an electron beam…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-09-16 P. Valenta , T. Zh. Esirkepov , J. D. Ludwig , S. C. Wilks , S. V. Bulanov

High harmonic generation (HHG) in gaseous media provides a robust method for producing coherent extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) radiation and attosecond pulses. However, the spectral and temporal properties of these pulses -- such as bandwidth…

We introduce two-color counterrotating circularly polarized laser fields as a new way to spectrally control high harmonic generation (HHG) from relativistic plasma mirrors. Through particle-in-cell simulations, we show that only a selected…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2018-04-13 Zi-Yu Chen

High harmonic generation (HHG) enables extreme ultraviolet radiation with table-top setups. Its exceptional properties, such as coherence and (sub)-femtosecond pulse durations, have led to a diversity of applications. Some of these require…

The production of brighter coherent XUV radiation by intense laser pulses through the process of high-harmonic generation (HHG) is a central challenge in contemporary nonlinear optics. We study the generation and spatial propagation of high…

Optics · Physics 2025-06-03 Margarita Khokhlova , Vasily Strelkov

The interaction of relativistically intense lasers with opaque targets represents a highly non-linear, multi-dimensional parameter space. This limits the utility of sequential 1D scanning of experimental parameters for the optimisation of…

The interaction of relativistically strong tailored laser pulses with an atomic system is considered. Due to a special tailoring of the laser pulse, the suppression of the relativistic drift of the ionized electron and a dramatic…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Klaiber , K. Z. Hatsagortsyan , C. H. Keitel

Laser wakefield acceleration can generate a femtosecond-scale broadband X-ray betatron radiation pulse from electrons accelerated by an intense laser pulse in a plasma. The micrometer-scale of the source makes wakefield betatron radiation…

High-intensity laser systems present unique measurement and optimization challenges due to their high complexity, low repetition rates, and shot-to-shot variations. We discuss recent developments towards a unified framework based on…

Optics · Physics 2025-06-06 A. Döpp , C. Eberle , J. Esslinger , S. Howard , F. Irshad , J. Schroeder , N. Weisse , S. Karsch

We show that high-order harmonics generated from molecules by intense laser pulses can be expressed as the product of a returning electron wave packet and the photo-recombination cross section (PRCS) where the electron wave packet can be…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2008-04-04 Anh-Thu Le , R. Della Picca , P. D. Fainstein , D. A. Telnov , M. Lein , C. D. Lin

We report a systematic investigation into the processes behind a near hundredfold enhanced second harmonic wave generated from a laser-induced air plasma, by examining the temporal dynamics of the frequency conversion processes, and the…

We study high-order harmonic generation (HHG) resulting from the illumination of plasmonic nanostructures with a short laser pulse. We show that both the inhomogeneities of the local electric field and the confinement of the electron motion…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2012-04-27 M. F. Ciappina , Srdjan S. Acimovic , T. Shaaran , J. Biegert , R. Quidant , M. Lewenstein

The influence of surface plasma waves (SPW) on high harmonic generation (HHG) from the interaction of intense lasers with overdense plasma is analyzed. It is shown, that the surface waves lead to the emission of harmonics away from the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2011-08-10 Daniel an der Brügge , Naveen Kumar , Alexander Pukhov , Christian Rödel

High-harmonic generation (HHG) spectrum from a LiH molecule induced by an intense laser pulse is computed and analyzed with potential energy surfaces for electron motion (ePES) constructed from a model of localized electron wave packets…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2020-03-18 Koji Ando