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We propose a novel causal prosody mediation framework for expressive text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis. Our approach augments the FastSpeech2 architecture with explicit emotion conditioning and introduces counterfactual training objectives to…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Suvendu Sekhar Mohanty

The field of prosody transfer in speech synthesis systems is rapidly advancing. This research is focused on evaluating learning methods for adapting pre-trained monolingual text-to-speech (TTS) models to multilingual conditions, i.e.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Arnav Goel , Medha Hira , Anubha Gupta

Speech synthesis has significantly advanced from statistical methods to deep neural network architectures, leading to various text-to-speech (TTS) models that closely mimic human speech patterns. However, capturing nuances such as emotion…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Shaozuo Zhang , Ambuj Mehrish , Yingting Li , Soujanya Poria

Generating expressive and contextually appropriate prosody remains a challenge for modern text-to-speech (TTS) systems. This is particularly evident for long, multi-sentence inputs. In this paper, we examine simple extensions to a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-30 Peter Makarov , Ammar Abbas , Mateusz Łajszczak , Arnaud Joly , Sri Karlapati , Alexis Moinet , Thomas Drugman , Penny Karanasou

Human communication seamlessly integrates speech and bodily motion, where hand gestures naturally complement vocal prosody to express intent, emotion, and emphasis. While recent text-to-speech (TTS) systems have begun incorporating…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-23 Lokesh Kumar , Nirmesh Shah , Ashishkumar P. Gudmalwar , Pankaj Wasnik

Speech language models refer to language models with speech processing and understanding capabilities. One key desirable capability for speech language models is the ability to capture the intricate interdependency between content and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Kaizhi Qian , Xulin Fan , Junrui Ni , Slava Shechtman , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson , Chuang Gan , Yang Zhang

We propose prosody embeddings for emotional and expressive speech synthesis networks. The proposed methods introduce temporal structures in the embedding networks, thus enabling fine-grained control of the speaking style of the synthesized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Younggun Lee , Taesu Kim

Prosodic phrasing is crucial to the naturalness and intelligibility of end-to-end Text-to-Speech (TTS). There exist both linguistic and emotional prosody in natural speech. As the study of prosodic phrasing has been linguistically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Rui Liu , Bin Liu , Haizhou Li

Expressive speech-to-speech translation (S2ST) aims to transfer prosodic attributes of source speech to target speech while maintaining translation accuracy. Existing research in expressive S2ST is limited, typically focusing on a single…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Wen-Chin Huang , Benjamin Peloquin , Justine Kao , Changhan Wang , Hongyu Gong , Elizabeth Salesky , Yossi Adi , Ann Lee , Peng-Jen Chen

Prosody transfer is well-studied in the context of expressive speech synthesis. Cross-lingual prosody transfer, however, is challenging and has been under-explored to date. In this paper, we present a novel solution to learn prosody…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-21 Jakub Swiatkowski , Duo Wang , Mikolaj Babianski , Patrick Lumban Tobing , Ravichander Vipperla , Vincent Pollet

Prosody plays an important role in characterizing the style of a speaker or an emotion, but most non-parallel voice or emotion style transfer algorithms do not convert any prosody information. Two major components of prosody are pitch and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-17 Kaizhi Qian , Yang Zhang , Shiyu Chang , Jinjun Xiong , Chuang Gan , David Cox , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson

Machine-generated speech is characterized by its limited or unnatural emotional variation. Current text to speech systems generates speech with either a flat emotion, emotion selected from a predefined set, average variation learned from…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-10 Sarath Sivaprasad , Saiteja Kosgi , Vineet Gandhi

Textless speech-to-speech translation systems are rapidly advancing, thanks to the integration of self-supervised learning techniques. However, existing state-of-the-art systems fall short when it comes to capturing and transferring…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Jarod Duret , Benjamin O'Brien , Yannick Estève , Titouan Parcollet

Prosody -- the suprasegmental component of speech, including pitch, loudness, and tempo -- carries critical aspects of meaning. However, the relationship between the information conveyed by prosody vs. by the words themselves remains poorly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Lukas Wolf , Tiago Pimentel , Evelina Fedorenko , Ryan Cotterell , Alex Warstadt , Ethan Wilcox , Tamar Regev

Research on speech-to-speech translation (S2ST) has progressed rapidly in recent years. Many end-to-end systems have been proposed and show advantages over conventional cascade systems, which are often composed of recognition, translation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Xinjian Li , Ye Jia , Chung-Cheng Chiu

This paper presents a simple yet effective method to achieve prosody transfer from a reference speech signal to synthesized speech. The main idea is to incorporate well-known acoustic correlates of prosody such as pitch and loudness…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Siddharth Gururani , Kilol Gupta , Dhaval Shah , Zahra Shakeri , Jervis Pinto

Are end-to-end text-to-speech (TTS) models over-parametrized? To what extent can these models be pruned, and what happens to their synthesis capabilities? This work serves as a starting point to explore pruning both spectrogram prediction…

The capability of generating speech with specific type of emotion is desired for many applications of human-computer interaction. Cross-speaker emotion transfer is a common approach to generating emotional speech when speech with emotion…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-05 Guangyan Zhang , Ying Qin , Wenjie Zhang , Jialun Wu , Mei Li , Yutao Gai , Feijun Jiang , Tan Lee

We present eCat, a novel end-to-end multispeaker model capable of: a) generating long-context speech with expressive and contextually appropriate prosody, and b) performing fine-grained prosody transfer between any pair of seen speakers.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-21 Ammar Abbas , Sri Karlapati , Bastian Schnell , Penny Karanasou , Marcel Granero Moya , Amith Nagaraj , Ayman Boustati , Nicole Peinelt , Alexis Moinet , Thomas Drugman

Accented text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis seeks to generate speech with an accent (L2) as a variant of the standard version (L1). Accented TTS synthesis is challenging as L2 is different from L1 in both in terms of phonetic rendering and…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Rui Liu , Berrak Sisman , Guanglai Gao , Haizhou Li