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The Solar Cycle is reviewed. The 11-year cycle of solar activity is characterized by the rise and fall in the numbers and surface area of sunspots. A number of other solar activity indicators also vary in association with the sunspots…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-01 David H. Hathaway

As each solar cycle progresses, remnant magnetic flux from active regions (ARs) migrates poleward to cancel the old-cycle polar field. We describe this polarity reversal process during Cycle 24 using four years (2010.33--2014.33) of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 Xudong Sun , J. Todd Hoeksema , Yang Liu , Junwei Zhao

We have analyzed available full-disc data from the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) on board SoHO using the "ring diagram" technique to determine the behavior of solar meridional flows over solar cycle 23 in the outer 2% of the solar radius.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Sarbani Basu , H. M. Antia

The polar field reversal is a crucial process in the cyclic evolution of the large-scale magnetic field of the Sun.Various important characteristics of a solar cycle, such as its duration and strength, and also the cycle predictability, are…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-02 Elena M. Golubeva , Akash Biswas , Anna I. Khlystova , Pawan Kumar , Bidya Binay Karak

We measure the axisymmetric transport of magnetic flux on the Sun by cross-correlating narrow strips of data from line-of-sight magnetograms obtained at a 96-minute cadence by the MDI instrument on the ESA/NASA SOHO spacecraft and then…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2011-03-30 David H. Hathaway , Lisa Rightmire

This paper examines long-term temporal and spatial fluctuations in the solar rotation (more than four solar cycles) by investigating radio emission escapes from various layers of the solar atmosphere during the years 1967-2010. The flux…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-06 Vivek Kumar Singh , Satish Chandra , Sanish Thomas , Som Kumar Sharma , Hari Om Vats

The evolution of the solar activity comprises, apart from the well-known 11-year cycle, various temporal scales ranging from months up to the secondary cycles known as mid-term oscillations. Its nature deserves a physical explanation. In…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-04 D. D. Sokoloff , A. S. Shibalova , V. N. Obridko , V. V. Pipin

Although it is well known that the solar acoustic mode frequency increases as the solar activity increases, the mechanism behind it is still unknown. Mode frequencies with 20 < l < 900 obtained by applying spherical harmonic decomposition…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 M. Cristina Rabello-Soares

We have analysed temporal evolution in centroid frequencies and splitting coefficients of solar f-modes obtained from MDI/SOHO. The data were divided into 20 sets covering a period from May 1, 1996 to August 31, 2000. The variation in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Kiran Jain , S. C. Tripathy , A. Bhatnagar

The questions whether the Sun shrinks with the solar activity and what causes this have been a subject of debate. Helioseismology provides means to measure with high precision the radial displacement of subsurface layers, co-called "seismic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-25 Alexander Kosovichev , Jean-Pierre Rozelot

While it has been relatively easy to determine solar-cycle related changes in solar dynamics, determining changes in structure in the deeper layers of the Sun has proved to be difficult. By using helioseismic data obtained over two solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-25 Sarbani Basu

The 11-year cycle of solar activity follows Hale's law by reversing the magnetic polarity of leading and following sunspots in bipolar regions during the minima of activity. In the 1996-97 solar minimum, most solar activity emerged in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 E. E. Benevolenskaya , J. T. Hoeksema , A. G. Kosovichev , P. H. Scherrer

Long-term modulation of solar differential rotation was studied with data from Mt. Wilson and our original observations during Solar Cycles 16 through 23. The results are: i) The global B-value (i.e. latitudinal gradient of differential…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-07-23 Miyoshi Suzuki

We investigate periodicities in mean heliographic latitudes of sunspot groups, called active latitudes, for the last six complete solar cycles (1945-2008). For this purpose, the Multi Taper Method and Morlet Wavelet analysis methods were…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-06 A. Kilcik , V. Yurchyshyn , F. Clette , A. Ozguc , J. -P. Rozelot

The structure of the surface layers of the Sun is changed by magnetic activity which, in turn, changes the eigenfrequencies of the acoustic modes. These frequency shifts have been observed both in low- and high-degree data, and are found to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Cunha , M. Bruggen , D. O. Gough

We study the variation of the frequency splitting coefficients describing the solar asphericity in both GONG and MDI data, and use these data to investigate temporal sound-speed variations as a function of both depth and latitude during the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 H. M. Antia , S. Basu , F. Hill , R. Howe , R. W. Komm , J. Schou

We present a correlation analysis of GONG p-mode frequencies with nine solar activity indices for the period 1995 August to 1997 August. This study includes spherical harmonic degree in the range 2 to 150 and the frequency range of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 A. Bhatnagar , Kiran Jain , S. C. Tripathy

The structure of electric current and magnetic helicity in the solar corona is closely linked to solar activity over the 11-year cycle, yet is poorly understood. As an alternative to traditional current-free "potential field"…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 A. R. Yeates , J. A. Constable , P. C. H. Martens

Solar oscillation frequencies change with the level of magnetic activity. Localizing subsurface magnetic field concentrations in the Sun with helioseismology will help us to understand the solar dynamo. Because the magnetic fields are not…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-28 René Kiefer , Markus Roth

We have analyzed changes in the acoustic oscillation eigenfrequencies measured over the past 7 years by the GONG, MDI and LOWL instruments. The observations span the period from 1994 to 2001 that corresponds to half a solar cycle, from…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 A. Eff-Darwich , S. G. Korzennik , S. J. Jimenez-Reyes , F. Perez Hernandez
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