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Large language models (LLMs) typically improve performance by either retrieving semantically similar information, or enhancing reasoning abilities through structured prompts like chain-of-thought. While both strategies are considered…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Yejin Kim , Eojin Kang , Juae Kim , H. Howie Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle with producing factually consistent answers due to limitations in their parametric memory. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) paradigms mitigate this issue by incorporating external knowledge at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Shanglin Wu , Lihui Liu , Jinho D. Choi , Kai Shu

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities, yet struggle with hallucination and outdated knowledge when tasked with complex knowledge reasoning, resulting in factually incorrect outputs. Previous studies have attempted…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Derong Xu , Xinhang Li , Ziheng Zhang , Zhenxi Lin , Zhihong Zhu , Zhi Zheng , Xian Wu , Xiangyu Zhao , Tong Xu , Enhong Chen

Recently, ChatGPT, a representative large language model (LLM), has gained considerable attention due to its powerful emergent abilities. Some researchers suggest that LLMs could potentially replace structured knowledge bases like knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Linyao Yang , Hongyang Chen , Zhao Li , Xiao Ding , Xindong Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited impressive proficiency in various natural language processing (NLP) tasks, which involve increasingly complex reasoning. Knowledge reasoning, a primary type of reasoning, aims at deriving new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Yifei Zhang , Xintao Wang , Jiaqing Liang , Sirui Xia , Lida Chen , Yanghua Xiao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have impressive capabilities in text understanding and zero-shot reasoning. However, delays in knowledge updates may cause them to reason incorrectly or produce harmful results. Knowledge Graphs (KGs) provide…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Tu Ao , Yanhua Yu , Yuling Wang , Yang Deng , Zirui Guo , Liang Pang , Pinghui Wang , Tat-Seng Chua , Xiao Zhang , Zhen Cai

In recent years, the introduction of knowledge graphs (KGs) has significantly advanced recommender systems by facilitating the discovery of potential associations between items. However, existing methods still face several limitations.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Ziqiang Cui , Yunpeng Weng , Xing Tang , Fuyuan Lyu , Dugang Liu , Xiuqiang He , Chen Ma

In recent years, Natural Language Processing (NLP) has played a significant role in various Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications such as chatbots, text generation, and language translation. The emergence of large language models (LLMs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Amanda Kau , Xuzeng He , Aishwarya Nambissan , Aland Astudillo , Hui Yin , Amir Aryani

Recent advancements have witnessed the ascension of Large Language Models (LLMs), endowed with prodigious linguistic capabilities, albeit marred by shortcomings including factual inconsistencies and opacity. Conversely, Knowledge Graphs…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-29 DaiFeng Li , Fan Xu

Integrating large language models (LLMs) with knowledge graphs derived from domain-specific data represents an important advancement towards more powerful and factual reasoning. As these models grow more capable, it is crucial to enable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Stefan Dernbach , Khushbu Agarwal , Alejandro Zuniga , Michael Henry , Sutanay Choudhury

Large language models (LLMs) often suffer from hallucination, generating factually incorrect statements when handling questions beyond their knowledge and perception. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) addresses this by retrieving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Shengyuan Chen , Chuang Zhou , Zheng Yuan , Qinggang Zhang , Zeyang Cui , Hao Chen , Yilin Xiao , Jiannong Cao , Xiao Huang

Inductive Knowledge Graph Reasoning (KGR) aims to discover facts in open-domain KGs containing unknown entities and relations, which poses a challenge for KGR models in comprehending uncertain KG components. Existing studies have proposed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Xingrui Zhuo , Jiapu Wang , Gongqing Wu , Zhongyuan Wang , Jichen Zhang , Shirui Pan , Xindong Wu

Semantic Knowledge Graphs (SKG) face challenges with scalability, flexibility, contextual understanding, and handling unstructured or ambiguous information. However, they offer formal and structured knowledge enabling highly interpretable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Aldo Gangemi , Andrea Giovanni Nuzzolese

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in natural language processing. However, in knowledge graph question answering tasks (KGQA), there remains the issue of answering questions that require multi-hop reasoning.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Runxuan Liu , Bei Luo , Jiaqi Li , Baoxin Wang , Ming Liu , Dayong Wu , Shijin Wang , Bing Qin

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong reasoning abilities when prompted to generate chain-of-thought (CoT) explanations alongside answers. However, previous research on evaluating LLMs has solely focused on answer accuracy,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Minh-Vuong Nguyen , Linhao Luo , Fatemeh Shiri , Dinh Phung , Yuan-Fang Li , Thuy-Trang Vu , Gholamreza Haffari

Graph-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (GraphRAG) has become the important paradigm for enhancing Large Language Models (LLMs) with external knowledge. However, existing approaches are constrained by their reliance on high-quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Xiaojun Wu , Cehao Yang , Xueyuan Lin , Chengjin Xu , Xuhui Jiang , Yuanliang Sun , Hui Xiong , Jia Li , Jian Guo

Knowledge graphs have emerged as a popular method for injecting up-to-date, factual knowledge into large language models (LLMs). This is typically achieved by converting the knowledge graph into text that the LLM can process in context.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Elan Markowitz , Krupa Galiya , Greg Ver Steeg , Aram Galstyan

Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning boosts large language models' (LLMs) performance on complex tasks but faces two key limitations: a lack of reliability when solely relying on LLM-generated reasoning chains and lower reasoning performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Feiyang Li , Peng Fang , Zhan Shi , Arijit Khan , Fang Wang , Weihao Wang , Xin Zhang , Yongjian Cui

Knowledge Graphs (KGs) represent human-crafted factual knowledge in the form of triplets (head, relation, tail), which collectively form a graph. Question Answering over KGs (KGQA) is the task of answering natural questions grounding the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Costas Mavromatis , George Karypis

Knowledge graph completion (KGC) is a widely used method to tackle incompleteness in knowledge graphs (KGs) by making predictions for missing links. Description-based KGC leverages pre-trained language models to learn entity and relation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Derong Xu , Ziheng Zhang , Zhenxi Lin , Xian Wu , Zhihong Zhu , Tong Xu , Xiangyu Zhao , Yefeng Zheng , Enhong Chen
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