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Transparency - the provision of information about what personal data is collected for which purposes, how long it is stored, or to which parties it is transferred - is one of the core privacy principles underlying regulations such as the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Elias Grünewald , Paul Wille , Frank Pallas , Maria C. Borges , Max-R. Ulbricht

Large language models and agents have achieved remarkable progress in code generation. However, existing benchmarks focus on isolated function/class-level generation (e.g., ClassEval) or modifications to existing codebases (e.g.,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Zhiyuan Peng , Xin Yin , Pu Zhao , Fangkai Yang , Lu Wang , Ran Jia , Xu Chen , Qingwei Lin , Saravan Rajmohan , Dongmei Zhang

Code comments are significantly helpful in comprehending software programs and also aid developers to save a great deal of time in software maintenance. Code comment generation aims to automatically predict comments in natural language…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Ramin Shahbazi , Fatemeh Fard

Traditional code search engines often do not perform well with natural language queries since they mostly apply keyword matching. These engines thus need carefully designed queries containing information about programming APIs for code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-07-10 Mohammad Masudur Rahman , Chanchal K. Roy , David Lo

A demand-driven approach to program analysis have been viewed as efficient algorithms to compute only the information required to serve a target demand. In contrast, an exhaustive approach computes all information in anticipation of it…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-02-06 Swati Jaiswal , Uday P. Khedker , Supratik Chakraborty

In this paper, a high-level comparison of both SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) and REST (Representational State Transfer) is made. These are the two main approaches for interfacing to the web with web services. Both approaches are…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2011-05-26 P. A. Castillo , J. L. Bernier , M. G. Arenas , J. J. Merelo , P. Garcia-Sanchez

When designing a new API for a large project, developers need to make smart design choices so that their code base can grow sustainably. To ensure that new API components are well designed, developers can learn from existing API components.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Sae Young Moon , Gregor Kerr , Fran Silavong , Sean Moran

Reliability is key to realizing the promise of autonomous UI-Agents, multimodal agents that directly interact with apps in the same manner as humans, as users must be able to trust an agent to complete a given task. Current evaluations rely…

The generation of natural language text from data series gained renewed interest among AI research goals. Not surprisingly, the few proposals in the state of the art are based on training some system, in order to produce a text that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Alessandro Dal Palù , Agostino Dovier , Andrea Formisano

Generative AI is reshaping software work, yet we lack clear guidance on where developers most need support and how to design it responsibly. We report a large-scale, mixed-methods study of N=860 developers examining where, why, and how they…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Rudrajit Choudhuri , Carmen Badea , Christian Bird , Jenna Butler , Rob DeLine , Brian Houck

Modern software relies on libraries and uses them via application programming interfaces (APIs). Correct API usage as well as many software engineering tasks are enabled when APIs have formal specifications. In this work, we analyze the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-05-17 John L. Singleton , Gary T. Leavens , Hridesh Rajan , David R. Cok

Extraction of Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) and their semantic relations from unstructured text (e.g., Stack Overflow) is a fundamental work for software engineering tasks (e.g., API recommendation). However, existing approaches…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Qing Huang , Yanbang Sun , Zhenchang Xing , Min Yu , Xiwei Xu , Qinghua Lu

The A2AS framework is introduced as a security layer for AI agents and LLM-powered applications, similar to how HTTPS secures HTTP. A2AS enforces certified behavior, activates model self-defense, and ensures context window integrity. It…

Strategized LaTeX removal and whitespace normalization approachThe widespread adoption of generative AI (GenAI) tools such as GitHub Copilot and ChatGPT is transforming software development. Since generated source code is virtually…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Tao Xiao , Youmei Fan , Fabio Calefato , Christoph Treude , Raula Gaikovina Kula , Hideaki Hata , Sebastian Baltes

Selecting the appropriate communication protocol is crucial for optimizing the performance, scalability, and user experience of web applications. In the diverse ecosystem of web technologies, various protocols like RESTful APIs, gRPC,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Mohamed Hassan

Evaluating retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems traditionally relies on hand annotations for input queries, passages to retrieve, and responses to generate. We introduce ARES, an Automated RAG Evaluation System, for evaluating RAG…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Jon Saad-Falcon , Omar Khattab , Christopher Potts , Matei Zaharia

Context: Application Programming Interface (API) code examples are an essential knowledge resource for learning APIs. However, a few user studies have explored how the structural characteristics of the source code in code examples impact…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Seham Alharbi , Dimitris Kolovos

Functionality and dialogue experience are two important factors of task-oriented dialogue systems. Conventional approaches with closed schema (e.g., conversational semantic parsing) often fail as both the functionality and dialogue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Raphael Shu , Elman Mansimov , Tamer Alkhouli , Nikolaos Pappas , Salvatore Romeo , Arshit Gupta , Saab Mansour , Yi Zhang , Dan Roth

As speech recognition model sizes and training data requirements grow, it is increasingly common for systems to only be available via APIs from online service providers rather than having direct access to models themselves. In this scenario…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-11 Rao Ma , Mengjie Qian , Mark J. F. Gales , Kate M. Knill

Adapting closed-box service models (i.e., APIs) for target tasks typically relies on reprogramming via Zeroth-Order Optimization (ZOO). However, this standard strategy is known for extensive, costly API calls and often suffers from slow,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Yunbei Zhang , Chengyi Cai , Feng Liu , Jihun Hamm