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Reranking is fundamental to information retrieval and retrieval-augmented generation, with recent Large Language Models (LLMs) significantly advancing reranking quality. Most current works rely on large-scale LLMs (>7B parameters),…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Xianming Li , Aamir Shakir , Rui Huang , Tsz-fung Andrew Lee , Julius Lipp , Benjamin Clavié , Jing Li

Building high-quality datasets and labeling query-document relevance are essential yet resource-intensive tasks, requiring detailed guidelines and substantial effort from human annotators. This paper explores the use of small, fine-tuned…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Quentin Fitte-Rey , Matyas Amrouche , Romain Deveaud

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities across diverse tasks, yet aligning them efficiently and effectively with human expectations remains a critical challenge. This thesis advances LLM alignment by introducing novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Yuxin Jiang

Recent advancements in Retrieval-Augmented Language Models (RALMs) have demonstrated their efficacy in knowledge-intensive tasks. However, existing evaluation benchmarks often assume a single optimal approach to leveraging retrieved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Peilin Wu , Xinlu Zhang , Wenhao Yu , Xingyu Liu , Xinya Du , Zhiyu Zoey Chen

This paper addresses the challenge of improving information retrieval from semi-structured eXtensible Markup Language (XML) documents. Traditional information retrieval systems (IRS) often overlook user-specific needs and return identical…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Ounnaci Iddir , Ahmed-ouamer Rachid , Tai Dinh

Image-Text Retrieval (ITR) systems are central to multimodal information access, with Vision-Language Models (VLMs) showing strong performance on standard benchmarks. However, these benchmarks predominantly rely on coarse-grained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Mariya Hendriksen , Shuo Zhang , Ridho Reinanda , Mohamed Yahya , Edgar Meij , Maarten de Rijke

Despite the strong performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) on complex instruction-following tasks, precise control of output length remains a persistent challenge. Existing methods primarily attempt to enforce length constraints by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Wei Zhang , Lintong Du , Yuanhe Zhang , Zhenhong Zhou , Kun Wang , Li Sun , Sen Su

We consider algorithm selection in the context of ad-hoc information retrieval. Given a query and a pair of retrieval methods, we propose a meta-learner that predicts how to combine the methods' relevance scores into an overall relevance…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-04-12 Siddhant Arora , Andrew Yates

Despite progress in video large language models (Video-LLMs), research on instructional video understanding, crucial for enhancing access to instructional content, remains insufficient. To address this, we introduce InstructionBench, an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Haiwan Wei , Yitian Yuan , Xiaohan Lan , Wei Ke , Lin Ma

Determining which legal cases are relevant to a given query involves navigating lengthy texts and applying nuanced legal reasoning. Traditionally, this task has demanded significant time and domain expertise to identify key Legal Facts and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Shengjie Ma , Qi Chu , Jiaxin Mao , Xuhui Jiang , Haozhe Duan , Chong Chen

Instruction tuning is a pivotal technique for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human intentions, safety constraints, and domain-specific requirements. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of the full pipeline,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Xudong Han , Junjie Yang , Tianyang Wang , Ziqian Bi , Xinyuan Song , Junfeng Hao , Junhao Song

Learning-to-Rank (LTR) is a supervised machine learning approach that constructs models specifically designed to order a set of items or documents based on their relevance or importance to a given query or context. Despite significant…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Camilo Gomez , Pengyang Wang , Yanjie Fu

Instruction following is critical for LLMs deployed in enterprise and API-driven settings, where strict adherence to output formats, content constraints, and procedural requirements is essential for enabling reliable LLM-assisted workflows.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Yunfan Zhang , Yijie Bei , Jetashree Ravi , Pawel Garbacki

Literature search questions, such as "Where can I find research on the evaluation of consistency in generated summaries?" pose significant challenges for modern search engines and retrieval systems. These questions often require a deep…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Anirudh Ajith , Mengzhou Xia , Alexis Chevalier , Tanya Goyal , Danqi Chen , Tianyu Gao

In this paper, we introduce Rank-R1, a novel LLM-based reranker that performs reasoning over both the user query and candidate documents before performing the ranking task. Existing document reranking methods based on large language models…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Shengyao Zhuang , Xueguang Ma , Bevan Koopman , Jimmy Lin , Guido Zuccon

Instruction tuning effectively optimizes Large Language Models (LLMs) for downstream tasks. Due to the changing environment in real-life applications, LLMs necessitate continual task-specific adaptation without catastrophic forgetting.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Yifan Wang , Yafei Liu , Chufan Shi , Haoling Li , Chen Chen , Haonan Lu , Yujiu Yang

One core capability of Large Language Models (LLMs) is to follow natural language instructions. However, the evaluation of such abilities is not standardized: Human evaluations are expensive, slow, and not objectively reproducible, while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Jeffrey Zhou , Tianjian Lu , Swaroop Mishra , Siddhartha Brahma , Sujoy Basu , Yi Luan , Denny Zhou , Le Hou

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong instruction-following capabilities in text-based tasks. However, this ability often deteriorates in multimodal models after alignment with non-text modalities such as images or audio.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Yiming Gao , Bin Wang , Chengwei Wei , Shuo Sun , AiTi Aw

Re-ranking plays a crucial role in modern information search systems by refining the ranking of initial search results to better satisfy user information needs. However, existing methods show two notable limitations in improving user search…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Zihao Guo , Ligang Zhou , Zeyang Tang , Feicheng Li , Ying Nie , Zhiming Peng , Qingyun Sun , Jianxin Li

Current IR evaluation is based on relevance judgments, created either manually or automatically, with decisions outsourced to Large Language Models (LLMs). We offer an alternative paradigm, that never relies on relevance judgments in any…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Naghmeh Farzi , Laura Dietz
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