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Biological neural networks effortlessly tackle complex computational problems and excel at predicting outcomes from noisy, incomplete data, a task that poses significant challenges to traditional processors. Artificial neural networks…

Single photons provide excellent quantum information carriers, but current schemes for preparing, processing and measuring them are inefficient. For example, down-conversion provides heralded, but randomly timed single photons, while…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-07 N. K. Langford , S. Ramelow , R. Prevedel , W. J. Munro , G. J. Milburn , A. Zeilinger

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have advanced significantly in visual representation learning and recognition. However, they face notable challenges in performance and computational efficiency when dealing with real-world, multi-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Wenzhuo Liu , Fei Zhu , Cheng-Lin Liu

Programmable optical neural networks (ONNs) can offer high-throughput and energy-efficient solutions for accelerating artificial intelligence (AI) computing. However, existing ONN architectures, typically based on cascaded unitary…

The escalating data volume and complexity resulting from the rapid expansion of artificial intelligence (AI), internet of things (IoT) and 5G/6G mobile networks is creating an urgent need for energy-efficient, scalable computing hardware.…

Modern deep learning relies nearly exclusively on dedicated electronic hardware accelerators. Photonic approaches, with low consumption and high operation speed, are increasingly considered for inference but, to date, remain mostly limited…

All-optical neural networks (AONNs) have emerged as a promising paradigm for ultrafast and energy-efficient computation. These networks typically consist of multiple serially connected layers between input and output layers--a configuration…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-01 Jianwei Qin , Yanbing Liu , Yan Liu , Xun Liu , Wei Li , Fangwei Ye

The significant advancements in integrated photonics have enabled high-speed and energy efficient systems for various applications from data communications and high-performance computing, to medical diagnosis, sensing and ranging. However,…

Optics · Physics 2024-02-07 Farshid Ashtiani

Scalable quantum computation with linear optics was considered to be impossible due to the lack of efficient two-qubit logic gates, despite its ease of implementation of one-qubit gates. Two-qubit gates necessarily need a nonlinear…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jonathan P. Dowling , James D. Franson , Hwang Lee , Gerald J. Milburn

Fusion-based quantum computing is an attractive model for fault-tolerant computation based on photonics requiring only finite-sized entangled resource states followed by linear-optics operations and photon measurements. Large-scale…

We motivate a new canonical strategy for integrating photonic neural networks (NNs) by leveraging 3D printing. Our believe is that a NN's parallel and dense connectivity is not scalable without 3D integration. 3D additive fabrication…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Niyazi Ulas Dinc , Demetri Psaltis , Daniel Brunner

Arbitrary linear transformations are of crucial importance in a plethora of photonic applications spanning classical signal processing, communication systems, quantum information processing and machine learning. Here, we present a new…

Photonic brain-inspired platforms are emerging as novel analog computing devices, enabling fast and energy-efficient operations for machine learning. These artificial neural networks generally require tailored optical elements, such as…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Davide Pierangeli , Giulia Marcucci , Claudio Conti

Performing linear operations using optical devices is a crucial building block in many fields ranging from telecommunication to optical analogue computation and machine learning. For many of these applications, key requirements are…

Programmable linear optical interferometers are a core primitive in optical signal processing, quantum information processing, and photonic computing. Existing photonic-integrated implementations realize arbitrary $M$-mode unitaries using…

Photonic technologies have shown a promising way to build high-speed and high-energy-efficiency neural network accelerators. In previously presented photonic neural networks, architectures are mainly designed for fully-connected layers.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-02 Shaofu Xu , Jing Wang , Weiwen Zou

Photon-photon interactions are an essential requirement of quantum photonic information processing. One way to generate these interactions is to utilize an atom strongly coupled to an optical cavity. This system exhibits the photon blockade…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-31 Harjot Singh , Edo Waks

Photonic systems offer a promising platform for interconnecting quantum processors and enabling scalable, networked architectures. Designing and verifying such architectures requires a unified formalism that integrates linear algebraic…

Photonic computing has the potential of harnessing the full degrees of freedom (DOFs) of the light field, including wavelength, spatial mode, spatial location, phase quadrature, and polarization, to achieve higher level of computation…

Optics · Physics 2024-02-13 Zheyuan Zhu , Raktim Sarma , Seth Smith-Dryden , Guifang Li , Shuo Pang

Recent advances of quantum technologies rely on precise control and integration of quantum objects, and technological breakthrough is anticipated for further scaling up to realize practical applications. Trapped-ion quantum technology is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Alto Osada , Koichiro Miyanishi