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Selective attention helps us focus on task-relevant aspects in the constant flood of our sensory input. This constraint in our perception allows us to robustly generalize under distractions and to new compositions of perceivable concepts.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Ankit Vani , Bac Nguyen , Samuel Lavoie , Ranjay Krishna , Aaron Courville

Although Transformers have successfully transitioned from their language modelling origins to image-based applications, their quadratic computational complexity remains a challenge, particularly for dense prediction. In this paper we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Yutong Xie , Jianpeng Zhang , Yong Xia , Anton van den Hengel , Qi Wu

Self-attention-based vision transformers (ViTs) have emerged as a highly competitive architecture in computer vision. Unlike convolutional neural networks (CNNs), ViTs are capable of global information sharing. With the development of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Zhenzhen Chu , Jiayu Chen , Cen Chen , Chengyu Wang , Ziheng Wu , Jun Huang , Weining Qian

Visual prompting techniques are widely used to efficiently fine-tune pretrained Vision Transformers (ViT) by learning a small set of shared prompts for all tokens. However, existing methods overlook the unique roles of different tokens in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Zichen Liu , Xu Zou , Gang Hua , Jiahuan Zhou

Long contexts improve capabilities of large language models but pose serious hardware challenges: compute and memory footprints grow linearly with sequence length. Particularly, the decoding phase continuously accesses massive KV cache,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Wang Fan , Wei Cao , Xi Zha , Kedi Ma , MingQian Sun , Jialin Chen , Fengzhe Zhang , Fan Zhang

Transformers have demonstrated a competitive performance across a wide range of vision tasks, while it is very expensive to compute the global self-attention. Many methods limit the range of attention within a local window to reduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Zhenzhe Hechen , Wei Huang , Yixin Zhao

The efficiency of long-video inference remains a critical bottleneck, mainly due to the dense computation in the prefill stage of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs). Existing methods either compress visual embeddings or apply sparse attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yuxiang Huang , Mingye Li , Xu Han , Chaojun Xiao , Weilin Zhao , Ao Sun , Ziqi Yuan , Hao Zhou , Fandong Meng , Zhiyuan Liu

Self-attention mechanisms, especially multi-head self-attention (MSA), have achieved great success in many fields such as computer vision and natural language processing. However, many existing vision transformer (ViT) works simply inherent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Leijie Wu , Song Guo , Yaohong Ding , Junxiao Wang , Wenchao Xu , Richard Yida Xu , Jie Zhang

Semantic segmentation is a challenging problem due to difficulties in modeling context in complex scenes and class confusions along boundaries. Most literature either focuses on context modeling or boundary refinement, which is less…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Fangrui Zhu , Yi Zhu , Li Zhang , Chongruo Wu , Yanwei Fu , Mu Li

The projector plays a crucial role in multi-modal language models (MLLMs). The number of visual tokens it outputs affects the efficiency of the MLLM, while the quality of the visual tokens influences the visual understanding capabilities of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Shun Qian , Bingquan Liu , Chengjie Sun , Zhen Xu , Baoxun Wang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models excel in robotic manipulation but suffer from significant inference latency due to processing dense visual tokens. Existing token reduction methods predominantly rely on attention magnitude as a static…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Peiju Liu , Jinming Liu , Xipeng Qiu , Xuanjing Huang

Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable success in extensive tasks primarily attributed to self-attention mechanism, which requires a token to consider all preceding tokens as its context to compute…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yaofo Chen , Zeng You , Shuhai Zhang , Haokun Li , Yirui Li , Yaowei Wang , Mingkui Tan

Vision Transformer (ViT)-based sparse multi-view 3D object detectors have achieved remarkable accuracy but still suffer from high inference latency due to heavy token processing. To accelerate these models, token compression has been widely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Mingqian Ji , Shanshan Zhang , Jian Yang

As the capabilities of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) advance, they can process increasingly large inputs, which, unlike in LLMs, generates significant visual token redundancy and leads to prohibitive inference costs. While many methods aim…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Pu Zhang , Yuwei Li , Xingyuan Xian , Guoming Tang

The challenge of fine-grained visual recognition often lies in discovering the key discriminative regions. While such regions can be automatically identified from a large-scale labeled dataset, a similar method might become less effective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Yangyang Shu , Baosheng Yu , Haiming Xu , Lingqiao Liu

State-of-the-art sparse attention methods for reducing decoding latency fall into two main categories: approximate top-$k$ (and its extension, top-$p$) and recently introduced sampling-based estimation. However, these approaches are…

Much of recent Deep Reinforcement Learning success is owed to the neural architecture's potential to learn and use effective internal representations of the world. While many current algorithms access a simulator to train with a large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Amir Ardalan Kalantari , Mohammad Amini , Sarath Chandar , Doina Precup

Attention mechanisms have become integral in AI, significantly enhancing model performance and scalability by drawing inspiration from human cognition. Concurrently, the Attention Schema Theory (AST) in cognitive science posits that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Krati Saxena , Federico Jurado Ruiz , Guido Manzi , Dianbo Liu , Alex Lamb

Over recent years, the Transformer has become a fundamental building block for sequence modeling architectures. Yet at its core is the use of self-attention, whose memory and computational cost grow quadratically with the sequence length…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Qiuhao Zeng , Jerry Huang , Peng Lu , Gezheng Xu , Boxing Chen , Charles Ling , Boyu Wang

Vision Transformers (ViTs) face severe computational bottlenecks due to the quadratic complexity of self-attention at high resolutions. Existing token reduction methods rely on local metrics - such as single-layer attention scores - that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Jaehyuk Lee , Hanyoung Kim , Yanggee Kim , Donghun Lee