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Federated learning (FL) has attracted significant attention for enabling collaborative learning without exposing private data. Among the primary variants of FL, vertical federated learning (VFL) addresses feature-partitioned data held by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Kihun Hong , Sejun Park , Ganguk Hwang

Given an unlabeled dataset and an annotation budget, we study how to selectively label a fixed number of instances so that semi-supervised learning (SSL) on such a partially labeled dataset is most effective. We focus on selecting the right…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Xudong Wang , Long Lian , Stella X. Yu

Data heterogeneity poses a fundamental challenge in federated learning (FL), especially when clients differ not only in distribution but also in the reliability of their predictions across individual examples. While personalized FL (PFL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Amr Abourayya , Jens Kleesiek , Bharat Rao , Michael Kamp

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed learning paradigm that allows multiple clients to jointly train a shared model while maintaining data privacy. Despite its great potential for domains with strict data privacy requirements, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Christoph Düsing , Philipp Cimiano

Federated learning (FL) is a promising privacy-preserving machine learning paradigm over distributed located data. In FL, the data is kept locally by each user. This protects the user privacy, but also makes the server difficult to verify…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Junyi Li , Jian Pei , Heng Huang

Recently, semi-supervised federated learning (semi-FL) has been proposed to handle the commonly seen real-world scenarios with labeled data on the server and unlabeled data on the clients. However, existing methods face several challenges…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Mingzhao Yang , Shangchao Su , Bin Li , Xiangyang Xue

Federated learning aims to collaboratively learn a model by using the data from multiple users under privacy constraints. In this paper, we study the multi-label classification problem under the federated learning setting, where trivial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Xuming An , Dui Wang , Li Shen , Yong Luo , Han Hu , Bo Du , Yonggang Wen , Dacheng Tao

Federated learning (FL) and split learning (SL) are two popular distributed machine learning approaches. Both follow a model-to-data scenario; clients train and test machine learning models without sharing raw data. SL provides better model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Chandra Thapa , M. A. P. Chamikara , Seyit Camtepe , Lichao Sun

Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) has been an effective way to leverage abundant unlabeled data with extremely scarce labeled data. However, most SSL methods are commonly based on instance-wise consistency between different data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Zhuo Huang , Li Shen , Jun Yu , Bo Han , Tongliang Liu

Federated Learning (FL) is a machine learning technique that enables multiple entities to collaboratively learn a shared model without exchanging their local data. Over the past decade, FL systems have achieved substantial progress, scaling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Katharine Daly , Hubert Eichner , Peter Kairouz , H. Brendan McMahan , Daniel Ramage , Zheng Xu

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a means of distributed learning using local data stored at clients with a coordinating server. Recent studies showed that FL can suffer from poor performance and slower convergence when training data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Van Sy Mai , Richard J. La , Tao Zhang

Supervised deep learning needs a large amount of labeled data to achieve high performance. However, in medical imaging analysis, each site may only have a limited amount of data and labels, which makes learning ineffective. Federated…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-26 Yawen Wu , Dewen Zeng , Zhepeng Wang , Yiyu Shi , Jingtong Hu

Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) application is frequently associated with privacy concerns as it often acquires and transmits speech data at the client-side to remote cloud platforms for further processing. These speech data can reveal not…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-18 Tiantian Feng , Shrikanth Narayanan

Clustered Federated Multi-task Learning (CFL) has emerged as a promising technique to address statistical challenges, particularly with non-independent and identically distributed (non-IID) data across users. However, existing CFL studies…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Moqbel Hamood , Abdullatif Albaseer , Mohamed Abdallah , Ala Al-Fuqaha

Given a small set of labeled data and a large set of unlabeled data, semi-supervised learning (SSL) attempts to leverage the location of the unlabeled datapoints in order to create a better classifier than could be obtained from supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Michael C. Burkhart , Kyle Shan

Federated learning (FL) presents an effective solution for collaborative model training while maintaining data privacy across decentralized client datasets. However, data quality issues such as noisy labels, missing classes, and imbalanced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Alpaslan Gokcen , Ali Boyaci

Training automatic modulation classification (AMC) models on centrally aggregated data raises privacy concerns, incurs communication overhead, and often fails to confer robustness to channel shifts. Federated learning (FL) avoids central…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Usman Akram , Yiyue Chen , Haris Vikalo

Federated learning (FL), as an emerging artificial intelligence (AI) approach, enables decentralized model training across multiple devices without exposing their local training data. FL has been increasingly gaining popularity in both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Victoria Huang , Shaleeza Sohail , Michael Mayo , Tania Lorido Botran , Mark Rodrigues , Chris Anderson , Melanie Ooi

Federated learning (FL) aims to train models collaboratively across clients without sharing data for privacy-preserving. However, one major challenge is the data heterogeneity issue, which refers to the biased labeling preferences at…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Huan Wang , Haoran Li , Huaming Chen , Jun Yan , Jiahua Shi , Jun Shen

Most existing few-shot learning (FSL) methods require a large amount of labeled data in meta-training, which is a major limit. To reduce the requirement of labels, a semi-supervised meta-training (SSMT) setting has been proposed for FSL,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Xingping Dong , Tianran Ouyang , Shengcai Liao , Bo Du , Ling Shao