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The performance of time series forecasting has recently been greatly improved by the introduction of transformers. In this paper, we propose a general multi-scale framework that can be applied to the state-of-the-art transformer-based time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Amin Shabani , Amir Abdi , Lili Meng , Tristan Sylvain

Transformers in their common form are inherently limited to operate on whole token sequences rather than on one token at a time. Consequently, their use during online inference on time-series data entails considerable redundancy due to the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Lukas Hedegaard , Arian Bakhtiarnia , Alexandros Iosifidis

Graph Transformer has demonstrated impressive capabilities in the field of graph representation learning. However, existing approaches face two critical challenges: (1) most models suffer from exponentially increasing computational…

Transformers have reshaped machine learning by utilizing attention mechanisms to capture complex patterns in large datasets, leading to significant improvements in performance. This success has contributed to the belief that "bigger means…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Hemanth Saratchandran , Damien Teney , Simon Lucey

While scaling laws for recommendation models have gained significant traction, existing architectures such as Wukong, HiFormer and DHEN, often struggle with sub-optimal designs and hardware under-utilization, limiting their practical…

Recently, heatmap regression methods based on 1D landmark representations have shown prominent performance on locating facial landmarks. However, previous methods ignored to make deep explorations on the good potentials of 1D landmark…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Shi Yin , Shijie Huan , Shangfei Wang , Jinshui Hu , Tao Guo , Bing Yin , Baocai Yin , Cong Liu

Transformer-based pre-trained language models are vocabulary-dependent, mapping by default each token to its corresponding embedding. This one-to-one mapping results into embedding matrices that occupy a lot of memory (i.e. millions of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Huiyin Xue , Nikolaos Aletras

This research endeavors to offer insights into unlocking the further potential of transformer-based architectures. One of the primary motivations is to offer a geometric interpretation for the attention mechanism in transformers. In our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Zhongping Ji

Recursive (looped) Transformers decouple computational depth from parameter depth by repeatedly applying shared layers, providing an explicit architectural primitive for iterative refinement and latent reasoning. However, early looped…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Chengting Yu , Xiaobo Shu , Yadao Wang , Yizhen Zhang , Haoyi Wu , You Wu , Rujiao Long , Ziheng Chen , Yuchi Xu , Wenbo Su , Bo Zheng

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) excel in modeling complex language patterns but face significant computational costs during inference, especially with long inputs due to the attention mechanism's memory overhead. We observe…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Ruiqing Yan , Linghan Zheng , Xingbo Du , Han Zou , Yufeng Guo , Jianfei Yang

Normalization techniques are crucial for enhancing Transformer models' performance and stability in time series analysis tasks, yet traditional methods like batch and layer normalization often lead to issues such as token shift, attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Nan Huang , Christian Kümmerle , Xiang Zhang

Transformer architecture has become ubiquitous in the natural language processing field. To interpret the Transformer-based models, their attention patterns have been extensively analyzed. However, the Transformer architecture is not only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Goro Kobayashi , Tatsuki Kuribayashi , Sho Yokoi , Kentaro Inui

The Transformer and its variants have been proven to be efficient sequence learners in many different domains. Despite their staggering success, a critical issue has been the enormous number of parameters that must be trained (ranging from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Subhabrata Dutta , Tanya Gautam , Soumen Chakrabarti , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Recurrent neural networks are effective models to process sequences. However, they are unable to learn long-term dependencies because of their inherent sequential nature. As a solution, Vaswani et al. introduced the Transformer, a model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Quentin Fournier , Gaétan Marceau Caron , Daniel Aloise

Training state-of-the-art neural networks requires a high cost in terms of compute and time. Model scale is recognized to be a critical factor to achieve and improve the state-of-the-art. Increasing the scale of a neural network normally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Andrea Gesmundo , Kaitlin Maile

Transformer models have achieved state-of-the-art results across a diverse range of domains. However, concern over the cost of training the attention mechanism to learn complex dependencies between distant inputs continues to grow. In…

Transformers, adapted from natural language processing, are emerging as a leading approach for graph representation learning. Contemporary graph transformers often treat nodes or edges as separate tokens. This approach leads to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Zihan Pengmei , Zimu Li , Chih-chan Tien , Risi Kondor , Aaron R. Dinner

Decoding in a Transformer based language model is inherently sequential as a token's embedding needs to pass through all the layers in the network before the generation of the next token can begin. In this work, we propose a new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Dylan Cutler , Arun Kandoor , Nishanth Dikkala , Nikunj Saunshi , Xin Wang , Rina Panigrahy

A powerful architecture for universal segmentation relies on transformers that encode multi-scale image features and decode object queries into mask predictions. With efficiency being a high priority for scaling such models, we observed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Abhishek Aich , Yumin Suh , Samuel Schulter , Manmohan Chandraker

Transformers have excelled in many tasks including vision. However, efficient deployment of transformer models in low-latency or high-throughput applications is hindered by the computation in the attention mechanism which involves expensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-12 John Yang , Le An , Su Inn Park