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We propose TLoRA, a novel tri-matrix low-rank adaptation method that decomposes weight updates into three matrices: two fixed random matrices and one trainable matrix, combined with a learnable, layer-wise scaling factor. This tri-matrix…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Tanvir Islam

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) and its variants are widely employed in fine-tuning large models, including large language models for natural language processing and diffusion models for computer vision. This paper proposes a generalized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Xiangyu Chen , Jing Liu , Ye Wang , Pu Perry Wang , Matthew Brand , Guanghui Wang , Toshiaki Koike-Akino

In recent years, Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods like Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) have significantly enhanced the adaptability of large-scale pre-trained models. Weight-Decomposed Low-Rank Adaptation (DoRA) improves upon LoRA…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Qiushi Wang , Yuchen Fan , Junwei Bao , Hongfei Jiang , Yang Song

In this paper, we introduce Symmetric Low-Rank Adapters, an optimized variant of LoRA with even fewer weights. This method utilizes Low-Rank Symmetric Weight Matrices to learn downstream tasks more efficiently. Traditional LoRA accumulates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Tales Panoutsos , Rodrygo L. T. Santos , Flavio Figueiredo

LoRA has emerged as one of the most promising fine-tuning techniques, especially for federated learning (FL), since it significantly reduces communication and computation costs at resource-constrained clients. However, data heterogeneity…

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is one of the most popular task-specific parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods on pre-trained language models for its good performance and computational efficiency. LoRA injects a product of two trainable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Youbang Sun , Zitao Li , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding

In this paper, we address the challenges associated with merging low-rank adaptations of large neural networks. With the rise of parameter-efficient adaptation techniques, such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), model fine-tuning has become…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Aniello Panariello , Daniel Marczak , Simone Magistri , Angelo Porrello , Bartłomiej Twardowski , Andrew D. Bagdanov , Simone Calderara , Joost van de Weijer

While Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) enables parameter-efficient fine-tuning for Large Language Models (LLMs), its performance often falls short of Full Fine-Tuning (Full FT). Current methods optimize LoRA by initializing with static singular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Chenghao Fan , Zhenyi Lu , Sichen Liu , Chengfeng Gu , Xiaoye Qu , Wei Wei , Yu Cheng

Adapters and Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) are parameter-efficient fine-tuning techniques designed to make the training of language models more efficient. Previous results demonstrated that these methods can even improve performance on some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Olesya Razuvayevskaya , Ben Wu , Joao A. Leite , Freddy Heppell , Ivan Srba , Carolina Scarton , Kalina Bontcheva , Xingyi Song

Continual learning in Neural Machine Translation (NMT) faces the dual challenges of catastrophic forgetting and the high computational cost of retraining. This study establishes Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) as a parameter-efficient framework…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Salvador Carrión , Francisco Casacuberta

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) has become an essential approach for adapting large-scale pre-trained models while reducing computational costs. Among PEFT methods, LoRA significantly reduces trainable parameters by decomposing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Jiancheng Zhao , Xingda Yu , Zhen Yang

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) has been prominently employed for parameter-efficient fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs). However, the limited expressive capacity of LoRA, stemming from the low-rank constraint, has been recognized as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Zhiwei He , Zhaopeng Tu , Xing Wang , Xingyu Chen , Zhijie Wang , Jiahao Xu , Tian Liang , Wenxiang Jiao , Zhuosheng Zhang , Rui Wang

We present Generalized LoRA (GLoRA), an advanced approach for universal parameter-efficient fine-tuning tasks. Enhancing Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), GLoRA employs a generalized prompt module to optimize pre-trained model weights and adjust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Arnav Chavan , Zhuang Liu , Deepak Gupta , Eric Xing , Zhiqiang Shen

As large language models (LLMs) continue to scale in size, the computational overhead has become a major bottleneck for task-specific fine-tuning. While low-rank adaptation (LoRA) effectively curtails this cost by confining the weight…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yilang Zhang , Xiaodong Yang , Yiwei Cai , Georgios B. Giannakis

This paper introduces Bayesian Hierarchical Low-Rank Adaption (BoRA), a novel method for finetuning multi-task Large Language Models (LLMs). Current finetuning approaches, such as Low-Rank Adaption (LoRA), perform exeptionally well in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Simen Eide , Arnoldo Frigessi

We study the computational limits of Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) for finetuning transformer-based models using fine-grained complexity theory. Our key observation is that the existence of low-rank decompositions within the gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Jerry Yao-Chieh Hu , Maojiang Su , En-Jui Kuo , Zhao Song , Han Liu

We propose Orthogonal Monte Carlo Dropout, a mechanism that enforces strict orthogonality when combining sparse semantic vectors without extra time complexity. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), a popular fine-tuning method for large models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Andi Zhang , Xuan Ding , Haofan Wang , Steven McDonagh , Samuel Kaski

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as a powerful and popular technique for personalization, enabling efficient adaptation of pre-trained image generation models for specific tasks without comprehensive retraining. While employing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Tuna Han Salih Meral , Enis Simsar , Federico Tombari , Pinar Yanardag

Adapting large pretrained models to new tasks efficiently and continually is crucial for real-world deployment but remains challenging due to catastrophic forgetting and the high cost of retraining. While parameter-efficient tuning methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Prakhar Kaushik , Ankit Vaidya , Shravan Chaudhari , Rama Chellappa , Alan Yuille

With the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs), Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods have gained significant attention, which aims to achieve efficient fine-tuning of LLMs with fewer parameters. As a representative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Dacao Zhang , Kun Zhang , Shimao Chu , Le Wu , Xin Li , Si Wei