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Fractional Brownian motion is a non-Markovian Gaussian process indexed by the Hurst exponent $H\in [0,1]$, generalising standard Brownian motion to account for anomalous diffusion. Functionals of this process are important for practical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-11-24 Tridib Sadhu , Kay Jörg Wiese

In this paper we present a general mathematical construction that allows us to define a parametric class of $H$-sssi stochastic processes (self-similar with stationary increments), which have marginal probability density function that…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-11-06 Antonio Mura , Francesco Mainardi

In the context of time-subordinated Brownian motion models, Fourier theory and methodology are proposed to modelling the stochastic distribution of time increments. Gaussian Variance-Mean mixtures and time-subordinated models are reviewed…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-10-21 Rohan Shenoy , Peter Kempthorne

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in generating samples from unknown data distributions. Most popular stochastic differential equation-based diffusion models perturb the target distribution by adding Gaussian noise,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-20 Wenpin Tang , Nizar Touzi , Zikun Zhang , Xun Yu Zhou

We introduce Functional Diffusion Processes (FDPs), which generalize score-based diffusion models to infinite-dimensional function spaces. FDPs require a new mathematical framework to describe the forward and backward dynamics, and several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Giulio Franzese , Giulio Corallo , Simone Rossi , Markus Heinonen , Maurizio Filippone , Pietro Michiardi

This paper introduces the Generalized Space-Time Fractional Skellam Process (GSTFSP) and the Generalized Space Fractional Skellam Process (GSFSP). We investigate their distributional properties including the probability generating function…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-04-14 Kartik Tathe , Sayan Ghosh

Heterogeneous diffusion processes are prevalent in various fields, including the motion of proteins in living cells, the migratory movement of birds and mammals, and finance. These processes are often characterized by time-varying dynamics,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-03-11 Michał Balcerek , Adrian Pacheco-Pozo , Agnieszka Wyłomańska , Diego Krapf

In this paper, we consider an inference problem for an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process driven by a general one-dimensional centered Gaussian process $(G_t)_{t\ge 0}$. The second order mixed partial derivative of the covariance function $ R(t,\,…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-02-25 Yong Chen , Hongjuan Zhou

We consider an ensemble of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes featuring a population of relaxation times and a population of noise amplitudes that characterize the heterogeneity of the ensemble. We show that the centre-of-mass like variable…

Fractional Brownian motion (fBm) is a canonical model for long-memory phenomena. In the presence of large amounts of potentially memory-bearing data, the data are often averaged, which can change the structure of the underlying…

We prove the existence of a diffusion process whose invariant measure is the fractional polymer or Edwards measure for fractional Brownian motion in dimension $d\in\mathbb{N}$ with Hurst parameter $H\in(0,1)$ fulfilling $dH < 1$. The…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-07-09 Wolfgang Bock , Torben Fattler , Ludwig Streit

This paper gives a brief introduction to some important fractional and multifractional Gaussian processes commonly used in modelling natural phenomena and man-made systems. The processes include fractional Brownian motion (both standard and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-07-01 S. C. Lim , C. H. Eab

We introduce the first continuous-time score-based generative model that leverages fractional diffusion processes for its underlying dynamics. Although diffusion models have excelled at capturing data distributions, they still suffer from…

Gaussian processes are probabilistic models that are commonly used as functional priors in machine learning. Due to their probabilistic nature, they can be used to capture the prior information on the statistics of noise, smoothness of the…

Computation · Statistics 2024-02-02 Ahmad Farooq , Cristian A. Galvis-Florez , Simo Särkkä

With the use of Hida's white noise space theory space theory and spaces of stochastic distributions, we present a detailed analytic continuation theory for classes of Gaussian processes, with focus here on Brownian motion. For the latter,…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-27 Luis Daniel Abreu , Daniel Alpay , Tryphon Georgiou , Palle Jorgensen

In this paper, we introduce a generalized fractional negative binomial process (GFNBP) by time changing the fractional Poisson process with an independent Mittag-Leffler (ML) Levy subordinator. We study its distributional properties and its…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-04-21 Ritik Soni , Ashok Kumar Pathak

Diffusion with stochastic transport is investigated here when the random driving process is a very general Gaussian process, including Fractional Brownian motion. The purpose is the comparison with a deterministic PDE, which in certain…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-20 Franco Flandoli , Francesco Russo

In this paper we investigate the solution of generalized distributed order diffusion equations with composite time fractional derivative by using the Fourier-Laplace transform method. We represent solutions in terms of infinite series in…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-03-17 Trifce Sandev , Zivorad Tomovski , Bojan Crnkovic

Fractional Brownian motion (fBm) is an experimentally-relevant, non-Markovian Gaussian stochastic process with long-ranged correlations between the increments, parametrised by the so-called Hurst exponent $H$; depending on its value the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-10-04 O. Benichou , G. Oshanin

Various approaches to stochastic processes exist, noting that key properties such as measurability and continuity are not trivially satisfied. We introduce a new theory for Gaussian processes using improper linear functionals. Using a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-10-15 Niels Lundtorp Olsen