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Despite their impressive capabilities, diffusion-based text-to-image (T2I) models can lack faithfulness to the text prompt, where generated images may not contain all the mentioned objects, attributes or relations. To alleviate these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Shyamgopal Karthik , Karsten Roth , Massimiliano Mancini , Zeynep Akata

Text-to-Image (T2I) models have made remarkable progress in generating images from text prompts, but their output quality and safety still depend heavily on how prompts are phrased. Existing safety methods typically refine prompts using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Jinwoo Jeon , JunHyeok Oh , Hayeong Lee , Byung-Jun Lee

Text-to-image (T2I) models have rapidly advanced, enabling the generation of high-quality images from text prompts across various domains. However, these models present notable safety concerns, including the risk of generating harmful,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Lijun Li , Zhelun Shi , Xuhao Hu , Bowen Dong , Yiran Qin , Xihui Liu , Lu Sheng , Jing Shao

Despite rapid advancements in text-to-image (T2I) models, their safety mechanisms are vulnerable to adversarial prompts, which maliciously generate unsafe images. Current red-teaming methods for proactively assessing such vulnerabilities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Yufan Liu , Wanqian Zhang , Huashan Chen , Lin Wang , Xiaojun Jia , Zheng Lin , Weiping Wang

Text-to-Image (T2I) models have recently gained significant attention due to their ability to generate high-quality images and are consequently used in a wide range of applications. However, there are concerns about the gender bias of these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Yunbo Lyu , Zhou Yang , Yuqing Niu , Jing Jiang , David Lo

Current text-to-image (T2I) benchmarks evaluate models on rigid prompts, potentially underestimating true generative capabilities due to prompt sensitivity and creating biases that favor certain models while disadvantaging others. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Haosheng Gan , Berk Tinaz , Mohammad Shahab Sepehri , Zalan Fabian , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi

Current text-to-image (T2I) generation models achieve promising results, but they fail on the scenarios where the knowledge implied in the text prompt is uncertain. For example, a T2I model released in February would struggle to generate a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Chuanhao Li , Jianwen Sun , Yukang Feng , Mingliang Zhai , Yifan Chang , Kaipeng Zhang

Recent advances in text-to-image (T2I) generation have achieved impressive results, yet existing models often struggle with simple or underspecified prompts, leading to suboptimal image-text alignment, aesthetics, and quality. We propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Ruibo Chen , Jiacheng Pan , Heng Huang , Zhenheng Yang

Text-to-image (T2I) generative models such as Stable Diffusion and FLUX can synthesize realistic, high-quality images directly from textual prompts. The resulting image quality depends critically on well-crafted prompts that specify both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Mingzhe Li , Renhao Zhang , Zhiyang Wen , Siqi Pan , Bruno Castro da Silva , Juan Zhai , Shiqing Ma

Text-to-Image(T2I) models have achieved remarkable success in image generation and editing, yet these models still have many potential issues, particularly in generating inappropriate or Not-Safe-For-Work(NSFW) content. Strengthening…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Sensen Gao , Xiaojun Jia , Yihao Huang , Ranjie Duan , Jindong Gu , Yang Bai , Yang Liu , Qing Guo

Generating high-quality images without prompt engineering expertise remains a challenge for text-to-image (T2I) models, which often misinterpret poorly structured prompts, leading to distortions and misalignments. While humans easily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Nisan Chhetri , Arpan Sainju

Uncertainty quantification in text-to-image (T2I) generative models is crucial for understanding model behavior and improving output reliability. In this paper, we are the first to quantify and evaluate the uncertainty of T2I models with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Gianni Franchi , Dat Nguyen Trong , Nacim Belkhir , Guoxuan Xia , Andrea Pilzer

Recent advances in diffusion models have notably enhanced text-to-image (T2I) generation quality, but they also raise the risk of generating unsafe content. Traditional safety methods like text blacklisting or harmful content classification…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Zongsheng Cao , Yangfan He , Anran Liu , Jun Xie , Feng Chen , Zepeng Wang

Text-to-image (T2I) research has grown explosively in the past year, owing to the large-scale pre-trained diffusion models and many emerging personalization and editing approaches. Yet, one pain point persists: the text prompt engineering,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Xingqian Xu , Jiayi Guo , Zhangyang Wang , Gao Huang , Irfan Essa , Humphrey Shi

The rise of text-to-image (T2I) models has enabled the synthesis of photorealistic human portraits, raising serious concerns about identity misuse and the robustness of AIGC detectors. In this work, we propose an automated adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Run Hao , Peng Ying

Text-to-image (T2I) models have demonstrated remarkable generative capabilities but remain vulnerable to producing not-safe-for-work (NSFW) content, such as violent or explicit imagery. While recent moderation efforts have introduced soft…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Zonglei Jing , Xiao Yang , Xiaoqian Li , Siyuan Liang , Aishan Liu , Mingchuan Zhang , Xianglong Liu

Text-to-image generation models can create high-quality images from input prompts. However, they struggle to support the consistent generation of identity-preserving requirements for storytelling. Existing approaches to this problem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Tao Liu , Kai Wang , Senmao Li , Joost van de Weijer , Fahad Shahbaz Khan , Shiqi Yang , Yaxing Wang , Jian Yang , Ming-Ming Cheng

User prompts for generative AI models are often underspecified, leading to a misalignment between the user intent and models' understanding. As a result, users commonly have to painstakingly refine their prompts. We study this alignment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Meera Hahn , Wenjun Zeng , Nithish Kannen , Rich Galt , Kartikeya Badola , Been Kim , Zi Wang

While text-to-image (T2I) generative models have become ubiquitous, they do not necessarily generate images that align with a given prompt. While previous work has evaluated T2I alignment by proposing metrics, benchmarks, and templates for…

Text-to-image (T2I) models are increasingly used in impactful real-life applications. As such, there is a growing need to audit these models to ensure that they generate desirable, task-appropriate images. However, systematically inspecting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Salma Abdel Magid , Weiwei Pan , Simon Warchol , Grace Guo , Junsik Kim , Mahia Rahman , Hanspeter Pfister