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Laser heating during additive manufacturing (AM) induces extreme and transient thermal conditions which critically influence the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of the resulting component. However, accurately resolving…

This article proposes a novel high-performance computing approach for the prediction of the temperature field in powder bed fusion (PBF) additive manufacturing processes. In contrast to many existing approaches to part-scale simulations,…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Sebastian D. Proell , Peter Munch , Martin Kronbichler , Wolfgang A. Wall , Christoph Meier

Many alloys made by Additive Manufacturing (AM) require careful design of post-heat treatment as an indispensable step of microstructure engineering to further enhance the performance. We developed a high-throughput approach by fabricating…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-08-03 Yunhao Zhao , Noah Sargent , Kun Li , Wei Xiong

Emission of blackbody emission from the meltpool and surrounding area in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) makes this process visible to a range of optical monitoring instruments intended for online process and quality control. Yet, these…

Optics · Physics 2025-02-13 Ryan W. Penny , A. John Hart

Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process can incur defects due to melt pool instabilities, spattering, temperature increase, and powder spread anomalies. Identifying defects through in-situ monitoring typically requires collecting, storing,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Shawn Hinnebusch , David Anderson , Berkay Bostan , Albert C. To

Additive manufacturing (AM) processes produce parts with improved physical, chemical, and mechanical properties compared to conventional manufacturing processes. In AM processes, intricate part geometries are produced from multicomponent…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-01-04 Supriyo Ghosh

Numerical simulations of a complete laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing (AM) process are extremely challenging or even impossible to achieve without a radical model reduction of the complex physical phenomena occurring…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-12-20 Massimo Carraturo , Alex Viguerie , Alessandro Reali , Ferdinando Auricchio

Laser melting, such as that encountered during additive manufacturing (AM), produces extreme gradients of temperature in both space and time, which in turn influence microstructural development in the material. Qualification and model…

We present a data-driven, differentiable neural network model designed to learn the temperature field, its gradient, and the cooling rate, while implicitly representing the melt pool boundary as a level set in laser powder bed fusion. The…

We present a computational framework for the simulations of powder-bed fusion of metallic alloys, which combines: (1) CalPhaD calculations of temperature-dependent alloy properties and phase diagrams, (2) macroscale finite element (FE)…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-05-10 S. M. Elahi , R. Tavakoli , A. K. Boukellal , T. Isensee , I. Romero , D. Tourret

Variation in the local thermal history during the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process in additive manufacturing (AM) can cause microporosity defects. in-situ sensing has been proposed to monitor the AM process to minimize defects, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Sina Malakpour Estalaki , Cody S. Lough , Robert G. Landers , Edward C. Kinzel , Tengfei Luo

In metal Additive Manufacturing (AM), monitoring the temperature of the Melt Pool (MP) is crucial for ensuring part quality, process stability, defect prevention, and overall process optimization. Traditional methods, are slow to converge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Javid Akhavan , Chaitanya Krishna Vallabh , Xiayun Zhao , Souran Manoochehri

Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) is a widely adopted additive manufacturing process for fabricating complex metallic parts layer by layer. Effective thermal management is essential to ensure part quality and structural integrity, as thermal…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-22 Yukta Pareek , Abdul Malik Al Mardhouf Al Saadi , Amrita Basak , Satadru Dey

Recent publications have described a method for stand-off optical detection of explosives using resonant infra-red photothermal imaging. This technique uses tuned lasers to selectively heat small particles of explosive lying on a substrate…

Materials Science · Physics 2011-02-18 Philip Cassady

LPBF of Al alloys is associated with numerous challenges when compared to other commonly used alloys due to their higher reflectivity and thermal conductivity. In this work, processing diagrams, temperature prediction models, XCT, and…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-09-28 Sagar Patel , Haoxiu Chen , Mihaela Vlasea , Yu Zou

Additive manufacturing (AM) techniques hold promise but face significant challenges in process planning and optimization. The large temporal and spatial variations in temperature that can occur in layer-wise AM lead to thermal excursions,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-22 Mikhail Khrenov , William Frieden Templeton , Sneha Prabha Narra

The mitigation of material defects from additive manufacturing (AM) processes is critical to reliability in their fabricated parts and is enabled by modeling the complex relations between available build monitoring signals and final…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-02-26 Qixiang Luo , John D. Shimanek , Timothy W. Simpson , Allison M. Beese

The bottleneck of alloy design for powder-based additive manufacturing (AM) resides in customized powder production - an expensive and time-consuming process hindering the rapid closed-loop design iterations. This study analyzed an…

Applied Physics · Physics 2026-05-14 Zhaoxuan Ge , Sebastian Calderon , S. Mohadeseh Taheri-Mousavi

This study demonstrates the significant effect of the recoil pressure and Marangoni convection in laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) of 316L stainless steel. A three-dimensional high fidelity powder-scale model reveals how the strong dynamical…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-03-10 Saad A. Khairallah , Andrew T. Anderson , Alexander Rubenchik , Wayne E. King

With a growing demand for high-quality fabrication, the interest in real-time process and defect monitoring of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) has increased, leading manufacturers to incorporate a variety of online sensing methods including…

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