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Explanation and high-order reasoning capabilities are crucial for real-world visual question answering with diverse levels of inference complexity (e.g., what is the dog that is near the girl playing with?) and important for users to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Qingxing Cao , Bailin Li , Xiaodan Liang , Liang Lin

Scientific documents contain complex multimodal structures, which makes evidence localization and scientific reasoning in Document Visual Question Answering particularly challenging. However, most existing benchmarks evaluate models only at…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Wenhan Yu , Zhaoxi Zhang , Wang Chen , Guanqiang Qi , Weikang Li , Lei Sha , Deguo Xia , Jizhou Huang

This paper proposes to improve visual question answering (VQA) with structured representations of both scene contents and questions. A key challenge in VQA is to require joint reasoning over the visual and text domains. The predominant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-03-31 Damien Teney , Lingqiao Liu , Anton van den Hengel

Puzzles have long served as compact and revealing probes of human cognition, isolating abstraction, rule discovery, and systematic reasoning with minimal reliance on prior knowledge. Leveraging these properties, visual puzzles have recently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Maria Lymperaiou , Vasileios Karampinis , Giorgos Filandrianos , Angelos Vlachos , Chrysoula Zerva , Athanasios Voulodimos

Chart question answering (CQA) has become a critical multimodal task for evaluating the reasoning capabilities of vision-language models. While early approaches have shown promising performance by focusing on visual features or leveraging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Jingxuan Wei , Nan Xu , Junnan Zhu , Yanni Hao , Gaowei Wu , Bihui Yu , Lei Wang

Visual Question Answering (VQA) benchmarks have largely emphasized perception-based tasks that can be solved from visual content alone. In contrast, many real-world scenarios require external knowledge that is not directly observable in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Basel Shbita , Pengyuan Li , Anna Lisa Gentile

Understanding images and text together is an important aspect of cognition and building advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems. As a community, we have achieved good benchmarks over language and vision domains separately, however…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Shailaja Keyur Sampat , Yezhou Yang , Chitta Baral

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated significant capabilities in joint visual and linguistic tasks. However, existing Visual Question Answering (VQA) benchmarks often fail to evaluate deep semantic understanding,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 A. Alfarano , L. Venturoli , D. Negueruela del Castillo

Document Visual Question Answering (DocVQA) requires models to jointly understand textual semantics, spatial layout, and visual features. Current methods struggle with explicit spatial relationship modeling, inefficiency with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Ahmad Mohammadshirazi , Pinaki Prasad Guha Neogi , Dheeraj Kulshrestha , Rajiv Ramnath

The ability to perform Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning marks a major milestone for multimodal models (MMs), enabling them to solve complex visual reasoning problems. Yet a critical question remains: is such reasoning genuinely grounded in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Jusheng Zhang , Kaitong Cai , Xiaoyang Guo , Sidi Liu , Qinhan Lv , Ruiqi Chen , Jing Yang , Yijia Fan , Xiaofei Sun , Jian Wang , Ziliang Chen , Liang Lin , Keze Wang

Vision-language models have demonstrated impressive capabilities in general medical visual question answering, yet due to limited interpretability, it remains unclear whether their predictions reflect evidence-grounded clinical reasoning or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Wen Ma , Fucheng Niu , Zhiting Fan , Zikai Xiao , Jiaxiang Liu , Zuozhu Liu

With the widespread application of multimodal large language models in scientific intelligence, there is an urgent need for more challenging evaluation benchmarks to assess their ability to understand complex scientific data. Scientific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Yitong Zhou , Mingyue Cheng , Qingyang Mao , Yucong Luo , Qi Liu , Yupeng Li , Xiaohan Zhang , Deguang Liu , Xin Li , Enhong Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable ability in various language tasks, especially with their emergent in-context learning capability. Extending LLMs to incorporate visual inputs, large vision-language models (LVLMs) have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Aneesh Komanduri , Karuna Bhaila , Xintao Wu

Charts are very popular for analyzing data. When exploring charts, people often ask a variety of complex reasoning questions that involve several logical and arithmetic operations. They also commonly refer to visual features of a chart in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Ahmed Masry , Do Xuan Long , Jia Qing Tan , Shafiq Joty , Enamul Hoque

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown strong potential for autonomous driving, yet existing benchmarks remain largely ego-centric and therefore cannot systematically assess model performance in infrastructure-centric and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Junwei You , Pei Li , Zhuoyu Jiang , Weizhe Tang , Zilin Huang , Rui Gan , Jiaxi Liu , Yan Zhao , Sikai Chen , Bin Ran

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in code generation across various domains. However, their ability to replicate complex, multi-panel visualizations from real-world data remains largely unassessed. To…

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly catalyzed table-based question answering (TableQA). However, existing TableQA benchmarks often overlook the intricacies of industrial scenarios, which are characterized…

Document Visual Question Answering (VQA) models have evolved at an impressive rate over the past few years, coming close to or matching human performance on some benchmarks. We argue that common evaluation metrics used by popular benchmarks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Armineh Nourbakhsh , Siddharth Parekh , Pranav Shetty , Zhao Jin , Sameena Shah , Carolyn Rose

The advancement of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) requires precise local region-based reasoning that faithfully grounds the model's logic in actual visual evidence. However, existing datasets face limitations in scalability due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Byeonggeuk Lim , Kyeonghyun Kim , JungMin Yun , YoungBin Kim

Visual Question Answering (VQA) is a novel problem domain where multi-modal inputs must be processed in order to solve the task given in the form of a natural language. As the solutions inherently require to combine visual and natural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-31 Mikyas T. Desta , Larry Chen , Tomasz Kornuta