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As large language models (LLMs) play an increasingly important role in code generation, enhancing both correctness and efficiency has become crucial. Current methods primarily focus on correctness, often overlooking efficiency. To address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Dong Huang , Guangtao Zeng , Jianbo Dai , Meng Luo , Han Weng , Yuhao Qing , Heming Cui , Zhijiang Guo , Jie M. Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in processing both natural and programming languages, which have enabled various applications in software engineering, such as requirement engineering, code generation, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Ziyu Li , Donghwan Shin

Iterative self-refinement is a simple inference-time strategy for machine translation: an LLM revises its own translation over multiple inference-time passes. Yet document-scale refinement remains poorly understood: 1) which pipelines work…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Shaomu Tan , Dawei Zhu , Ke Tran , Michael Denkowski , Sony Trenous , Bill Byrne , Leonardo Ribeiro , Felix Hieber

Large language model (LLM) coding agents can generate working code, but their solutions often accumulate complexity, duplication, and architectural debt. Human developers address such issues through refactoring: behavior-preserving program…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Alex Thillen , Niels Mündler , Veselin Raychev , Martin Vechev

The strong performance of large language models (LLMs) raises extensive discussion on their application to code generation. Recent research suggests continuous program refinements through visible tests to improve code generation accuracy in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Chao Lei , Yanchuan Chang , Nir Lipovetzky , Krista A. Ehinger

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has introduced transformative potential in automated code generation, addressing a wide range of software engineering challenges. However, empirical evaluation of LLM-based code generation lacks…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Nathalia Nascimento , Everton Guimaraes , Paulo Alencar

To reduce the need for human annotations, large language models (LLMs) have been proposed as judges of the quality of other candidate models. The performance of LLM judges is typically evaluated by measuring the correlation with human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Andreas Stephan , Dawei Zhu , Matthias Aßenmacher , Xiaoyu Shen , Benjamin Roth

Many software projects implement APIs and algorithms in multiple programming languages. Maintaining such projects is tiresome, as developers have to ensure that any change (e.g., a bug fix or a new feature) is being propagated, timely and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Jiyang Zhang , Pengyu Nie , Junyi Jessy Li , Milos Gligoric

Code generation refers to automatically producing executable programs from user requirements. Recently, researchers have explored approaches to enhance the correctness of generated code with advanced large language models. Although…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Jia Li , Ruiqi Bai , Yangkang Luo , Yiran Zhang , Wentao Yang , Zeyu Sun , Tiankuo Zhao , Dongming Jin , Lei Li , Zhi Jin

The increasing development of LLMs in code generation has drawn significant attention among researchers. To enhance LLM-based code generation ability, current efforts are predominantly directed towards collecting high-quality datasets and…

Code review is a crucial process before deploying code to production, as it validates the code, provides suggestions for improvements, and identifies errors such as missed edge cases. In projects with regular production releases, the effort…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Jahnavi Kumar , Sridhar Chimalakonda

Current compiler optimization reports often present complex, technical information that is difficult for programmers to interpret and act upon effectively. This paper assesses the capability of large language models (LLM) to understand…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Peter Pirkelbauer , Chunhua Liao

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated unparalleled prowess in mimicking human-like text generation and processing. Among the myriad of applications that benefit from LLMs, automated code generation is increasingly promising. The…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Lincoln Murr , Morgan Grainger , David Gao

Large language models (LLMs) can refine their responses based on feedback, enabling self-improvement through iterative training or test-time refinement. However, existing methods predominantly focus on refinement within the same reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Dian Yu , Yuheng Zhang , Jiahao Xu , Tian Liang , Linfeng Song , Zhaopeng Tu , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu

Large Language Model (LLM) based coding tools have been tremendously successful as software development assistants, yet they are often designed for general purpose programming tasks and perform poorly for more specialized domains such as…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Aman Chaturvedi , Daniel Nichols , Siddharth Singh , Abhinav Bhatele

Despite strong performance on code generation tasks, it remains unclear whether large language models (LLMs) genuinely reason about code execution. Existing code reasoning benchmarks primarily evaluate final output correctness under a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Jun Gao , Yun Peng , Qian Qiao , Changhai Zhou , Yuhua Zhou , Shiyang Zhang , Shichao Weng , Zhenchang Xing , Xiaoxue Ren

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in code editing, substantially enhancing software development productivity. However, the inherent complexity of code editing tasks forces existing approaches to rely on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Peiding Wang , Li Zhang , Fang Liu , Yinghao Zhu , Wang Xu , Lin Shi , Xiaoli Lian , Minxiao Li , Bo Shen , An Fu

While a lot of recent research focuses on enhancing the textual reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) by optimizing the multi-agent framework or reasoning chains, several benchmark tasks can be solved with 100\% success…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yongchao Chen , Harsh Jhamtani , Srinagesh Sharma , Chuchu Fan , Chi Wang

Code quality evaluation involves scoring generated code quality based on a reference code for a specific problem statement. Currently, there are two main forms of evaluating code quality: match-based evaluation and execution-based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Fangzhou Xu , Sai Zhang , Zhenchang Xing , Xiaowang Zhang , Yahong Han , Zhiyong Feng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated unprecedented capability in code generation. However, LLM-generated code is still plagued with a wide range of functional errors, especially for complex programming tasks that LLMs have not…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Yifeng Di , Tianyi Zhang
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