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The value-alignment problem for artificial intelligence (AI) asks how we can ensure that the 'values' (i.e., objective functions) of artificial systems are aligned with the values of humanity. In this paper, I argue that linguistic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Travis LaCroix

Our interpretation of value concepts is shaped by our sociocultural background and lived experiences, and is thus subjective. Recognizing individual value interpretations is important for developing AI systems that can align with diverse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Adina Nicola Dobrinoiu , Ana Cristiana Marcu , Amir Homayounirad , Luciano Cavalcante Siebert , Enrico Liscio

Developing value-aligned AI agents is a complex undertaking and an ongoing challenge in the field of AI. Specifically within the domain of Large Language Models (LLMs), the capability to consolidate multiple independently trained dialogue…

The introduction of artificial intelligence into activities traditionally carried out by human beings produces brutal changes. This is not without consequences for human values. This paper is about designing and implementing models of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Fabrice Muhlenbach

AI assistants can impart value judgments that shape people's decisions and worldviews, yet little is known empirically about what values these systems rely on in practice. To address this, we develop a bottom-up, privacy-preserving method…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Saffron Huang , Esin Durmus , Miles McCain , Kunal Handa , Alex Tamkin , Jerry Hong , Michael Stern , Arushi Somani , Xiuruo Zhang , Deep Ganguli

Evaluating the value alignment of large language models (LLMs) has traditionally relied on single-sentence adversarial prompts, which directly probe models with ethically sensitive or controversial questions. However, with the rapid…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Yazhou Zhang , Qimeng Liu , Qiuchi Li , Peng Zhang , Jing Qin

Agentic artificial intelligence systems are autonomous technologies capable of pursuing complex goals with minimal human oversight and are rapidly emerging as the next frontier in AI. While these systems promise major gains in productivity,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Theodore Roberts , Bahram Zarrin

AI Safety researchers attempting to align values of highly capable intelligent systems with those of humanity face a number of challenges including personal value extraction, multi-agent value merger and finally in-silico encoding.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-01-08 Roman V. Yampolskiy

Minimizing negative impacts of Artificial Intelligent (AI) systems on human societies without human supervision requires them to be able to align with human values. However, most current work only addresses this issue from a technical point…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Mehdi Khamassi , Marceau Nahon , Raja Chatila

Value-aware AI should recognise human values and adapt to the value systems (value-based preferences) of different users. This requires operationalization of values, which can be prone to misspecification. The social nature of values…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Andrés Holgado-Sánchez , Peter Vamplew , Richard Dazeley , Sascha Ossowski , Holger Billhardt

Increasing interest in ensuring the safety of next-generation Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems calls for novel approaches to embedding morality into autonomous agents. This goal differs qualitatively from traditional task-specific AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Elizaveta Tennant , Stephen Hailes , Mirco Musolesi

Reward learning algorithms utilize human feedback to infer a reward function, which is then used to train an AI system. This human feedback is often a preference comparison, in which the human teacher compares several samples of AI behavior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Peter Barnett , Rachel Freedman , Justin Svegliato , Stuart Russell

This paper introduces the concept of value awareness in AI, which goes beyond the traditional value-alignment problem. Our definition of value awareness presents us with a concise and simplified roadmap for engineering value-aware AI. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Nardine Osman

Value alignment problems arise in scenarios where the specified objectives of an AI agent don't match the true underlying objective of its users. The problem has been widely argued to be one of the central safety problems in AI.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Malek Mechergui , Sarath Sreedharan

This paper looks at philosophical questions that arise in the context of AI alignment. It defends three propositions. First, normative and technical aspects of the AI alignment problem are interrelated, creating space for productive…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Iason Gabriel

Wide applications of LLM-based agents require strong alignment with human social values. However, current works still exhibit deficiencies in self-cognition and dilemma decision, as well as self-emotions. To remedy this, we propose a novel…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Jinxian Qu , Qingqing Gu , Teng Chen , Luo Ji

As large language models (LLMs) demonstrate increasingly advanced capabilities, aligning their behaviors with human values and preferences becomes crucial for their wide adoption. While previous research focuses on general alignment to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Shujin Wu , May Fung , Cheng Qian , Jeonghwan Kim , Dilek Hakkani-Tur , Heng Ji

The development of sophisticated artificial intelligence (AI) conversational agents based on large language models raises important questions about the relationship between human norms, values, and practices and AI design and performance.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Rachel Katharine Sterken , James Ravi Kirkpatrick

Collaboration with artificial intelligence (AI) has improved human decision-making across various domains by leveraging the complementary capabilities of humans and AI. Yet, humans systematically overrely on AI advice, even when their…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Joshua Holstein , Patrick Hemmer , Gerhard Satzger , Wei Sun

As Generative AI systems increasingly engage in long-term, personal, and relational interactions, human-AI engagements are becoming significantly complex, making them more challenging to understand and govern. These Interactive AI systems…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Yulu Pi , Cagatay Turkay , Daniel Bogiatzis-Gibbons