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Many problems require to optimize empirical risk functions over large data sets. Gradient descent methods that calculate the full gradient in every descent step do not scale to such datasets. Various flavours of Stochastic Gradient Descent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-26 Francesco Cosentino , Harald Oberhauser , Alessandro Abate

Understanding the behavior of stochastic gradient methods is a central problem in modern machine learning. Recent work has highlighted diagonal linear networks as a simplified yet expressive setting for analyzing the optimization and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Begoña García Malaxechebarría , Courtney Paquette , Maryam Fazel , Dmitriy Drusvyatskiy

We study the generalization properties of the popular stochastic optimization method known as stochastic gradient descent (SGD) for optimizing general non-convex loss functions. Our main contribution is providing upper bounds on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Gergely Neu , Gintare Karolina Dziugaite , Mahdi Haghifam , Daniel M. Roy

We propose graph-dependent implicit regularisation strategies for distributed stochastic subgradient descent (Distributed SGD) for convex problems in multi-agent learning. Under the standard assumptions of convexity, Lipschitz continuity,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-20 Dominic Richards , Patrick Rebeschini

Stochastic gradient descent with momentum (SGDM) is one of the most widely used optimization algorithms in machine learning. While optimization properties of SGDM have been extensively studied in the literature, it remains insufficiently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yunwen Lei , Zimeng Wang , Xiaoming Yuan

In this work we explore a new framework for approximate Bayesian inference in large datasets based on stochastic control (i.e. Schr\"odinger bridges). We advocate stochastic control as a finite time and low variance alternative to popular…

Bayesian learning via Stochastic Gradient Langevin Dynamics (SGLD) has been suggested for differentially private learning. While previous research provides differential privacy bounds for SGLD at the initial steps of the algorithm or when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Guy Heller , Ethan Fetaya

The algorithms used to train neural networks, like stochastic gradient descent (SGD), have close parallels to natural processes that navigate a high-dimensional parameter space -- for example protein folding or evolution. Our study uses a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Shishir Adhikari , Alkan Kabakçıoğlu , Alexander Strang , Deniz Yuret , Michael Hinczewski

Recently there are a considerable amount of work devoted to the study of the algorithmic stability and generalization for stochastic gradient descent (SGD). However, the existing stability analysis requires to impose restrictive assumptions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Yunwen Lei , Yiming Ying

In this paper, we study a regularised relaxed optimal control problem and, in particular, we are concerned with the case where the control variable is of large dimension. We introduce a system of mean-field Langevin equations, the invariant…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-10-07 Kaitong Hu , Anna Kazeykina , Zhenjie Ren

In this paper, we are concerned with a non-asymptotic analysis of sampling algorithms used in nonconvex optimization. In particular, we obtain non-asymptotic estimates in Wasserstein-1 and Wasserstein-2 distances for a popular class of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-10-17 Ying Zhang , Ömer Deniz Akyildiz , Theodoros Damoulas , Sotirios Sabanis

For stochastic differential equations (SDEs) with Markovian switching, whose drift and diffusion coefficients are allowed to contain superlinear terms, the backward Euler-Maruyama (BEM) method is proposed to approximate the invariant…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-10 Wei Liu , Jie Xu

This paper provides a finite-sample analysis of a passive stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics (PSGLD) algorithm. This algorithm is designed to achieve adaptive inverse reinforcement learning (IRL). Adaptive IRL aims to estimate the cost…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Luke Snow , Vikram Krishnamurthy

In this thesis, we extend the recently introduced theory of stochastic modified equations (SMEs) for stochastic gradient optimization algorithms. In Ch. 3 we study time-inhomogeneous SDEs driven by Brownian motion. For certain SDEs we prove…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-11-26 Stefan Perko

Stochastic gradient methods are central to large-scale learning, yet their generalization theory typically relies on independent sampling assumptions. In many practical applications, data are generated by Markov chains and learning is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Jiahuan Wang , Ziqing Wen , Ping Luo , Dongsheng Li , Tao Sun

In this paper, we establish a Quantitative Central Limit Theorem ({\sc qclt}) for the Stochastic Gradient Descent in Continuous Time ({\sc sgdct}) algorithm, whose parameter updates are governed by a stochastic differential equation. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Solesne Bourguin , Shivam S. Dhama , Konstantinos Spiliopoulos

In this paper some methods to use the empirical bootstrap approach for stochastic gradient descent (SGD) to minimize the empirical risk over a separable Hilbert space are investigated from the view point of algorithmic stability and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-04 Andreas Christmann , Yunwen Lei

In this paper, we investigate the problem of strong approximation of the solutions of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) when the drift coefficient is given in integral form. We investigate its upper error bounds, in terms of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-20 Paweł Przybyłowicz , Michał Sobieraj

We study how eigenvectors of random regular graphs behave when projected onto fixed directions. For a random $d$-regular graph with $N$ vertices, where the degree $d$ grows slowly with $N$, we prove that these projections follow…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-07-22 Leonhard Nagel

We present a unified framework to analyze the global convergence of Langevin dynamics based algorithms for nonconvex finite-sum optimization with $n$ component functions. At the core of our analysis is a direct analysis of the ergodicity of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-20 Pan Xu , Jinghui Chen , Difan Zou , Quanquan Gu