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We propose a method to fuse frozen text-only large language models (LLMs) with pre-trained image encoder and decoder models, by mapping between their embedding spaces. Our model demonstrates a wide suite of multimodal capabilities: image…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Jing Yu Koh , Daniel Fried , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating external, domain-specific data into the generative process. While LLMs are highly capable, they often rely on static, pre-trained datasets, limiting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Aniruddha Salve , Saba Attar , Mahesh Deshmukh , Sayali Shivpuje , Arnab Mitra Utsab

Long text classification is challenging for Large Language Models (LLMs) due to token limits and high computational costs. This study explores whether a Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) approach using only the most relevant text…

Retrieving visual and textual information from medical literature and hospital records can enhance diagnostic accuracy for clinical image interpretation. However, multimodal retrieval-augmented diagnosis is highly challenging. We explore a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Nir Mazor , Tom Hope

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a promising approach for mitigating the hallucination of large language models (LLMs). However, existing research lacks rigorous evaluation of the impact of retrieval-augmented generation on different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Jiawei Chen , Hongyu Lin , Xianpei Han , Le Sun

Transformers have a quadratic scaling of computational complexity with input size, which limits the input context window size of large language models (LLMs) in both training and inference. Meanwhile, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Yimin Tang , Yurong Xu , Ning Yan , Masood Mortazavi

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as an effective paradigm for expanding the knowledge capacity of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) by incorporating external knowledge sources into the generation process, and has been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Xu Yuan , Liangbo Ning , Qingqing Ye , Wenqi Fan , Qing Li

Retrieval-augmented Generation (RAG) has markedly enhanced the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in tackling knowledge-intensive tasks. The increasing demands of application scenarios have driven the evolution of RAG, leading to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Yunfan Gao , Yun Xiong , Meng Wang , Haofen Wang

Graph-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has proven effective in integrating external knowledge into large language models (LLMs), improving their factual accuracy, adaptability, interpretability, and trustworthiness. A number of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yingli Zhou , Yaodong Su , Youran Sun , Shu Wang , Taotao Wang , Runyuan He , Yongwei Zhang , Sicong Liang , Xilin Liu , Yuchi Ma , Yixiang Fang

Current general-purpose large language models (LLMs) commonly exhibit knowledge hallucination and insufficient domain-specific adaptability in domain-specific tasks, limiting their effectiveness in specialized question answering scenarios.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Mengzheng Yang , Yanfei Ren , David Osei Opoku , Ruochang Li , Peng Ren , Chunxiao Xing

Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) systems provide a method for factually grounding the responses of a Large Language Model (LLM) by providing retrieved evidence, or context, as support. Guided by this context, RAG systems can reduce…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Shakiba Amirshahi , Amin Bigdeli , Charles L. A. Clarke , Amira Ghenai

In this paper, we introduce Technical-Embeddings, a novel framework designed to optimize semantic retrieval in technical documentation, with applications in both hardware and software development. Our approach addresses the challenges of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Songjiang Lai , Tsun-Hin Cheung , Ka-Chun Fung , Kaiwen Xue , Kwan-Ho Lin , Yan-Ming Choi , Vincent Ng , Kin-Man Lam

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a critical technique for enhancing large language model (LLM) capabilities. However, practitioners face significant challenges when making RAG deployment decisions. While existing research…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Shengming Zhao , Yuchen Shao , Yuheng Huang , Jiayang Song , Zhijie Wang , Chengcheng Wan , Lei Ma

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has demonstrated remarkable success in enhancing Large Language Models (LLMs) through external knowledge integration, yet its application has primarily focused on textual content, leaving the rich domain…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Xubin Ren , Lingrui Xu , Long Xia , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Chao Huang

This study presents a method for implementing generative AI services by utilizing the Large Language Models (LLM) application architecture. With recent advancements in generative AI technology, LLMs have gained prominence across various…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Cheonsu Jeong

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved notable performance in computer vision tasks that require reasoning across visual and textual modalities, yet their capabilities are limited to their pre-trained data, requiring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Mirco Bonomo , Simone Bianco

Speech recognition systems often face challenges due to domain mismatch, particularly in real-world applications where domain-specific data is unavailable because of data accessibility and confidentiality constraints. Inspired by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Peng Shen , Xugang Lu , Hisashi Kawai

Large language models (LLMs) inevitably exhibit hallucinations since the accuracy of generated texts cannot be secured solely by the parametric knowledge they encapsulate. Although retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a practicable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Shi-Qi Yan , Jia-Chen Gu , Yun Zhu , Zhen-Hua Ling

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is increasingly recognized as an effective approach to mitigating the hallucination of large language models (LLMs) through the integration of external knowledge. While numerous efforts, most studies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Shuo Yu , Mingyue Cheng , Qi Liu , Daoyu Wang , Jiqian Yang , Jie Ouyang , Yucong Luo , Chenyi Lei , Enhong Chen

Software engineers are increasingly adding semantic search capabilities to applications using a strategy known as Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG). A RAG system involves finding documents that semantically match a query and then passing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Scott Barnett , Stefanus Kurniawan , Srikanth Thudumu , Zach Brannelly , Mohamed Abdelrazek