Related papers: Organic compounds in metallic hydrogen
Methane is typically thought to be formed in the solid state on the surface of cold interstellar icy grain mantles via the successive atomic hydrogenation of a carbon atom. In the current work we investigate the potential role of molecular…
The presence of small amounts of atomic hydrogen, detected as absorption dips in the 21 cm line spectrum, is a well-known characteristic of dark clouds. The abundance of hydrogen atoms measured in the densest regions of molecular clouds can…
Hydrogen addition and abstraction reactions play an important role as surface reactions in the buildup of complex organic molecules in the dense interstellar medium. Addition reactions allow unsaturated bonds to be fully hydrogenated, while…
We present a comprehensive study of the abundance of carbon dioxide in exoplanetary atmospheres in hot, hydrogen-dominated atmospheres. We construct novel analytical models of systems in chemical equilibrium that include carbon monoxide,…
Condensation processes, which are responsible for the main chemical differences between gas and solids in the Galaxy, are the major mechanisms that control the cycle of dust from evolved stars to planetary systems. However, they are still…
Cosmological N-body hydrodynamic computations following atomic and molecular chemistry (e$^-$, H, H$^+$, H$^-$, He, He$^+$, He$^{++}$, D, D$^+$, H$_2$, H$_2^+$, HD, HeH$^+$), gas cooling, star formation and production of heavy elements (C,…
Hydrogen and helium are the most abundant elements in the universe and they constitute the interiors of gas giant planets. Thus, their equations of states, phase, chemical state, and chemical reactivity at extreme conditions are of great…
Molecular hydrogen is the most abundant molecule in the universe. It is the first one to form and survive photo-dissociation in tenuous environments. Its formation involves catalytic reactions on the surface of interstellar grains. The…
Hydrogen bond is often assumed to be a purely electrostatic interaction between a electron-deficient hydrogen atom and a region of high electron density. Here, for the first time, we directly image hydrogen bond in real space by…
The electrical resistivity of liquid hydrogen has been measured at the high dynamic pressures, densities and temperatures that can be achieved with a reverberating shock wave. The resulting data are most naturally interpreted in terms of a…
We describe a phenomenological model for molecular hydrogen formation suited for applications in galaxy formation simulations, which includes on-equilibrium formation of molecular hydrogen on dust and approximate treatment of both its…
We present novel, analytical, equilibrium-chemistry formulae for the abundances of molecules in hot exoplanetary atmospheres that include the carbon, oxygen and nitrogen networks. Our hydrogen-dominated solutions involve acetylene…
Metallic hydrogen is capable of showing room temperature superconductivity, but its experimental syntheses are extremely hard. Therefore, it is desirable to reduce the synthesis pressure of metallic hydrogen by adding other chemical…
A strong correlation between atmospheric pressure and molecular gas mass is found in central cluster galaxies and early-type galaxies. This trend and a similar trend with atmospheric gas density would naturally arise if the molecular clouds…
Suspended chains consisting of single noble metal and oxygen atoms have been formed. We provide evidence that oxygen can react with and be incorporated into metallic one-dimensional atomic chains. Oxygen incorporation reinforces the linear…
The insulator-to-metal transition in dense fluid hydrogen is an essential phenomenon to understand gas giant planetary interiors and the physical and chemical behavior of highly compressed condensed matter. Using fast laser spectroscopy…
Most elemental metals under ambient conditions adopt simple structures such as BCC, FCC and HCP in specific groupings across the Periodic Table, and on compression, many of these elements undergo transitions to surprisingly complex…
Hydrogen is widely regarded as a cornerstone of future low-carbon energy technologies, yet the lack of safe, efficient, and reversible solid-state storage materials remains a major barrier to its large-scale deployment. Although porous…
We investigate a range of possible materials containing the supermolecular form of hydrogen comprising 13 hydrogen molecules arranged in an icosahedral arrangement. This supermolecule consists of freely rotating 12 hydrogen molecules in an…
The circumgalactic medium (CGM) is fed by galaxy outflows and accretion of intergalactic gas, but its mass, heavy element enrichment, and relation to galaxy properties are poorly constrained by observations. In a survey of the outskirts of…