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Multi-label classification (MLC) often suffers from performance disparities across labels. We propose \textbf{FairPO}, a framework combining preference-based loss and group-robust optimization to improve fairness by targeting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Soumen Kumar Mondal , Prateek Chanda , Akshit Varmora , Ganesh Ramakrishnan

Aligning text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models with human preferences has emerged as a critical research challenge. While recent advances in this area have extended preference optimization techniques from large language models (LLMs) to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Junyong Kang , Seohyun Lim , Kyungjune Baek , Hyunjung Shim

Multi-Objective Alignment (MOA) aims to align LLMs' responses with multiple human preference objectives, with Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) emerging as a prominent approach. However, we find that DPO-based MOA approaches suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Moxin Li , Yuantao Zhang , Wenjie Wang , Wentao Shi , Zhuo Liu , Fuli Feng , Tat-Seng Chua

Multi-objective preference alignment of large language models (LLMs) is critical for developing AI systems that are more configurable, personalizable, helpful, and safe. However, optimizing model outputs to satisfy diverse objectives with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Raghav Gupta , Ryan Sullivan , Yunxuan Li , Samrat Phatale , Abhinav Rastogi

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has been successfully used to align large language models (LLMs) according to human preferences, and more recently it has also been applied to improving the quality of text-to-image diffusion models.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Shivanshu Shekhar , Shreyas Singh , Tong Zhang

Recent advancements in Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) have significantly enhanced the alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences, owing to its simplicity and effectiveness. However, existing methods typically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Shilong Li , Yancheng He , Hui Huang , Xingyuan Bu , Jiaheng Liu , Hangyu Guo , Weixun Wang , Jihao Gu , Wenbo Su , Bo Zheng

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has been extensively employed to align large language models with user intent. However, proximal policy optimization (PPO) based RLHF is occasionally unstable requiring significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Saeed Khaki , JinJin Li , Lan Ma , Liu Yang , Prathap Ramachandra

Aligning text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models with preference optimization is valuable for human-annotated datasets, but the heavy cost of manual data collection limits scalability. Using reward models offers an alternative, however,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Kyungmin Lee , Xiaohang Li , Qifei Wang , Junfeng He , Junjie Ke , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Irfan Essa , Jinwoo Shin , Feng Yang , Yinxiao Li

Preference learning algorithms (e.g., RLHF and DPO) are frequently used to steer LLMs to produce generations that are more preferred by humans, but our understanding of their inner workings is still limited. In this work, we study the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Angelica Chen , Sadhika Malladi , Lily H. Zhang , Xinyi Chen , Qiuyi Zhang , Rajesh Ranganath , Kyunghyun Cho

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) aligns text-to-image (T2I) generation models with human preferences using pairwise preference data. Although substantial resources are expended in collecting and labeling datasets, a critical aspect is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Yunhong Lu , Qichao Wang , Hengyuan Cao , Xiaoyin Xu , Min Zhang

As Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities learned from vast corpora, concerns regarding data privacy and safety are receiving increasing attention. LLM unlearning, which aims to remove the influence of specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Kai Qin , Jiaqi Wu , Jianxiang He , Haoyuan Sun , Yifei Zhao , Bin Liang , Yongzhe Chang , Tiantian Zhang , Houde Liu

Offline preference alignment for language models such as Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) is favored for its effectiveness and simplicity, eliminating the need for costly reinforcement learning. Various offline algorithms have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Junbo Li , Zhangyang Wang , Qiang Liu

Diffusion Models have revolutionized the field of human motion generation by offering exceptional generation quality and fine-grained controllability through natural language conditioning. Their inherent stochasticity, that is the ability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Massimiliano Pappa , Luca Collorone , Giovanni Ficarra , Indro Spinelli , Fabio Galasso

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various domains, motivating researchers to investigate their potential use in recommendation systems. However, directly applying LLMs to recommendation tasks has…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Zhuoxi Bai , Ning Wu , Fengyu Cai , Xinyi Zhu , Yun Xiong

AI alignment in the shape of Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is increasingly treated as a crucial ingredient for high performance large language models. Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) has been positioned by recent…

Preference optimization methods typically begin training with a well-trained SFT model as a reference model. In RLHF and DPO, a regularization term is used during the preference optimization process to prevent the policy model from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Cheolhun Jang

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has become the de facto standard for offline preference alignment of large language models, but its reliance on a reference policy introduces a critical tension. DPO weighs each update relative to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Suqin Yuan , Xingrui Yu , Jiyang Zheng , Lei Feng , Dadong Wang , Ivor Tsang , Tongliang Liu

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is currently the leading approach for aligning large language models with human preferences. Typically, these models rely on extensive offline preference datasets for training. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Avinandan Bose , Zhihan Xiong , Aadirupa Saha , Simon Shaolei Du , Maryam Fazel

A critical component of the current generation of language models is preference alignment, which aims to precisely control the model's behavior to meet human needs and values. The most notable among such methods is Reinforcement Learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Oh Joon Kwon , Daiki E. Matsunaga , Kee-Eung Kim

Alignment of large language models (LLMs) has predominantly relied on pairwise preference optimization, where annotators select the better of two responses to a prompt. While simple, this approach overlooks the opportunity to learn from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Yuxuan Tang , Yifan Feng
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