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Decision trees are popular machine learning models that are simple to build and easy to interpret. Even though algorithms to learn decision trees date back to almost 50 years, key properties affecting their generalization error are still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Jean-Samuel Leboeuf , Frédéric LeBlanc , Mario Marchand

Axis-aligned decision forests have long been the leading class of machine learning algorithms for modeling tabular data. In many applications of machine learning such as learning-to-rank, decision forests deliver remarkable performance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Sebastian Bruch , Jan Pfeifer , Mathieu Guillame-bert

Clinical decision requires reasoning in the presence of imperfect data. DTs are a well-known decision support tool, owing to their interpretability, fundamental in safety-critical contexts such as medical diagnosis. However, learning DTs…

Random forests are an ensemble method relevant for many problems, such as regression or classification. They are popular due to their good predictive performance (compared to, e.g., decision trees) requiring only minimal tuning of…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-20 Nikolaus Umlauf , Nadja Klein

Over the past decades, classification models have proven to be essential machine learning tools given their potential and applicability in various domains. In these years, the north of the majority of the researchers had been to improve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-11 Mário Popolin Neto , Fernando V. Paulovich

Decision trees have been widely used as classifiers in many machine learning applications thanks to their lightweight and interpretable decision process. This paper introduces Tree in Tree decision graph (TnT), a framework that extends the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Bingzhao Zhu , Mahsa Shoaran

Conventional machine learning methods are predominantly designed to predict outcomes based on a single data type. However, practical applications may encompass data of diverse types, such as text, images, and audio. We introduce…

Clustering ensemble has emerged as an important research topic in the field of machine learning. Although numerous methods have been proposed to improve clustering quality, most existing approaches overlook the need for interpretability in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Hang Lv , Lianyu Hu , Mudi Jiang , Xinying Liu , Zengyou He

Inference from tabular data, collections of continuous and categorical variables organized into matrices, is a foundation for modern technology and science. Yet, in contrast to the explosive changes in the rest of AI, the best practice for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Daniel Beaglehole , David Holzmüller , Adityanarayanan Radhakrishnan , Mikhail Belkin

Gradient boosted decision trees are a popular machine learning technique, in part because of their ability to give good accuracy with small models. We describe two extensions to the standard tree boosting algorithm designed to increase this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-01 Natalia Ponomareva , Thomas Colthurst , Gilbert Hendry , Salem Haykal , Soroush Radpour

Deep Neural Networks have achieved huge success at a wide spectrum of applications from language modeling, computer vision to speech recognition. However, nowadays, good performance alone is not sufficient to satisfy the needs of practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-31 Xuan Liu , Xiaoguang Wang , Stan Matwin

Explaining the generalization characteristics of deep learning is an emerging topic in advanced machine learning. There are several unanswered questions about how learning under stochastic optimization really works and why certain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Mahdi S. Hosseini , Mathieu Tuli , Konstantinos N. Plataniotis

As a multitude of capable machine learning (ML) models become widely available in forms such as open-source software and public APIs, central questions remain regarding their use in real-world applications, especially in high-stakes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Dimitris Bertsimas , Matthew Peroni

Random forests (RFs) are among the most popular supervised learning algorithms due to their nonlinear flexibility and ease-of-use. However, as black box models, they can only be interpreted via algorithmically-defined feature importance…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-26 Abhineet Agarwal , Ana M. Kenney , Yan Shuo Tan , Tiffany M. Tang , Bin Yu

Neural networks and tree ensembles are state-of-the-art learners, each with its unique statistical and computational advantages. We aim to combine these advantages by introducing a new layer for neural networks, composed of an ensemble of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Hussein Hazimeh , Natalia Ponomareva , Petros Mol , Zhenyu Tan , Rahul Mazumder

Data-driven pricing strategies are becoming increasingly common, where customers are offered a personalized price based on features that are predictive of their valuation of a product. It is desirable for this pricing policy to be simple…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-11 Max Biggs , Wei Sun , Markus Ettl

Tree-based models are often robust to uninformative features and can accurately capture non-smooth, complex decision boundaries. Consequently, they often outperform neural network-based models on tabular datasets at a significantly lower…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Urška Matjašec , Nikola Simidjievski , Mateja Jamnik

Even though neural networks have been long deployed in applications involving tabular data, still existing neural architectures are not explainable by design. In this paper, we propose a new class of interpretable neural networks for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Arlind Kadra , Sebastian Pineda Arango , Josif Grabocka

Model explainability is crucial for human users to be able to interpret how a proposed classifier assigns labels to data based on its feature values. We study generalized linear models constructed using sets of feature value rules, which…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-06 Sanjeeb Dash , Soumyadip Ghosh , Joao Goncalves , Mark S. Squillante

Decision tree models, including random forests and gradient-boosted decision trees, are widely used in machine learning due to their high predictive performance. However, their complex structures often make them difficult to interpret,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Akihiro Takemura , Masayuki Otani , Katsumi Inoue