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Conversational search is a relatively young area of research that aims at automating an information-seeking dialogue. In this paper we help to position it with respect to other research areas within conversational Artificial Intelligence…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Svitlana Vakulenko , Evangelos Kanoulas , Maarten de Rijke

We investigate the problem of generating informative questions in information-asymmetric conversations. Unlike previous work on question generation which largely assumes knowledge of what the answer might be, we are interested in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Peng Qi , Yuhao Zhang , Christopher D. Manning

We deal with the scenario of conversational search, where user queries are under-specified or ambiguous. This calls for a mixed-initiative setup. User-asks (queries) and system-answers, as well as system-asks (clarification questions) and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Yosi Mass , Doron Cohen , Asaf Yehudai , David Konopnicki

In this paper, we address the problem of answering complex information needs by conversing conversations with search engines, in the sense that users can express their queries in natural language, and directly receivethe information they…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Pengjie Ren , Zhumin Chen , Zhaochun Ren , Evangelos Kanoulas , Christof Monz , Maarten de Rijke

Researchers have devised numerous ways to quantify social biases vested in pretrained language models. As some language models are capable of generating coherent completions given a set of textual prompts, several prompting datasets have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Afra Feyza Akyürek , Muhammed Yusuf Kocyigit , Sejin Paik , Derry Wijaya

Task oriented Dialogue Systems generally employ intent detection systems in order to map user queries to a set of pre-defined intents. However, user queries appearing in natural language can be easily ambiguous and hence such a direct…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Kaustubh D. Dhole

The technological revolution of the Internet has digitized the social, economic, political, and cultural activities of billions of humans. While researchers have been paying due attention to concerns of misinformation and bias, these…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Saurabh Khanna

This paper investigates how collaborative AI systems can enhance user agency in identifying and evaluating misinformation on social media platforms. Traditional methods, such as personal judgment or basic fact-checking, often fall short…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Varun Sangwan , Heidi Makitalo

Counterfactual explanations are a widely used approach in Explainable AI, offering actionable insights into decision-making by illustrating how small changes to input data can lead to different outcomes. Despite their importance, evaluating…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Marharyta Domnich , Rasmus Moorits Veski , Julius Välja , Kadi Tulver , Raul Vicente

Heuristics and cognitive biases are an integral part of human decision-making. Automatically detecting a particular cognitive bias could enable intelligent tools to provide better decision-support. Detecting the presence of a cognitive bias…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Stephen Pilli

Conversational AI systems are being used in personal devices, providing users with highly personalized content. Personalized knowledge graphs (PKGs) are one of the recently proposed methods to store users' information in a structured form…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Emma J. Gerritse , Faegheh Hasibi , Arjen P. de Vries

The experience and adoption of conversational search is tied to the accuracy and completeness of users' mental models -- their internal frameworks for understanding and predicting system behaviour. Thus, understanding these models can…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Chadha Degachi , Samuel Kernan Freire , Evangelos Niforatos , Gerd Kortuem

Consumers on a shopping mission often leverage both product search and information seeking systems, such as web search engines and Question Answering (QA) systems, in an iterative process to improve their understanding of available products…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Saar Kuzi , Shervin Malmasi

Crowdsourcing can identify high-quality solutions to problems; however, individual decisions are constrained by cognitive biases. We investigate some of these biases in an experimental model of a question-answering system. In both natural…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-10-02 Keith Burghardt , Tad Hogg , Kristina Lerman

Conversational interfaces are likely to become more efficient, intuitive and engaging way for human-computer interaction than today's text or touch-based interfaces. Current research efforts concerning conversational interfaces focus…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-09-18 Svitlana Vakulenko , Ilya Markov , Maarten de Rijke

Misinformation remains one of the most significant issues in the digital age. While automated fact-checking has emerged as a viable solution, most current systems are limited to evaluating factual accuracy. However, the detrimental effect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Arghodeep Nandi , Megha Sundriyal , Euna Mehnaz Khan , Jikai Sun , Emily Vraga , Jaideep Srivastava , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Information availability affects people's behavior and perception of the world. Notably, people rely on search engines to satisfy their need for information. Search engines deliver results relevant to user requests usually without being or…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Aldo Lipani , Florina Piroi , Emine Yilmaz

While the body of research directed towards constructing and generating clarifying questions in mixed-initiative conversational search systems is vast, research aimed at processing and comprehending users' answers to such questions is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Ivan Sekulić , Weronika Łajewska , Krisztian Balog , Fabio Crestani

When users initiate search sessions, their queries are often unclear or might lack of context; this resulting in inefficient document ranking. Multiple approaches have been proposed by the Information Retrieval community to add context and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Pierre Erbacher , Ludovic Denoyer , Laure Soulier

This publication describes the motivation and generation of $Q_{bias}$, a large dataset of Google and Bing search queries, a scraping tool and dataset for biased news articles, as well as language models for the investigation of bias in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Fabian Haak , Philipp Schaer