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We introduce Blind Plug-and-Play Diffusion Models (Blind-PnPDM) as a novel framework for solving blind inverse problems where both the target image and the measurement operator are unknown. Unlike conventional methods that rely on explicit…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-30 Anqi Li , Weijie Gan , Ulugbek S. Kamilov

We explore the connection between Plug-and-Play (PnP) methods and Denoising Diffusion Implicit Models (DDIM) for solving ill-posed inverse problems, with a focus on single-pixel imaging. We begin by identifying key distinctions between PnP…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Xiaodong Wang , Ping Wang , Zhangyuan Li , Xin Yuan

Over the past decade, Plug-and-Play (PnP) has become a popular method for reconstructing images using a modular framework consisting of a forward and prior model. The great strength of PnP is that an image denoiser can be used as a prior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Charles A. Bouman , Gregery T. Buzzard

Electromagnetic (EM) imaging is an important tool for non-invasive sensing with low-cost and portable devices. One emerging application is EM stroke imaging, which enables early diagnosis and continuous monitoring of brain strokes.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-08 Rui Guo , Yi Zhang , Yhonatan Kvich , Tianyao Huang , Maokun Li , Yonina C. Eldar

We propose an OCT super-resolution framework based on a plug-and-play diffusion model (PnP-DM) to reconstruct high-quality images from sparse measurements (OCT B-mode corneal images). Our method formulates reconstruction as an inverse…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-22 Yaning Wang , Jinglun Yu , Wenhan Guo , Yu Sun , Jin U. Kang

The Plug-and-Play (PnP) framework was recently introduced for low-dose CT reconstruction to leverage the interpretability and the flexibility of model-based methods to incorporate various plugins, such as trained deep learning (DL) neural…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-16 Qifan Xu , Qihui Lyu , Dan Ruan , Ke Sheng

In a great number of tasks in science and engineering, the goal is to infer an unknown image from a small number of measurements collected from a known forward model describing certain sensing or imaging modality. Due to resource…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-13 Xingyu Xu , Yuejie Chi

Diffusion models have been demonstrated as powerful deep learning tools for image generation in CT reconstruction and restoration. Recently, diffusion posterior sampling, where a score-based diffusion prior is combined with a likelihood…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-09-02 Shudong Li , Xiao Jiang , Matthew Tivnan , Grace J. Gang , Yuan Shen , J. Webster Stayman

Plug-and-Play diffusion prior (PnPDP) frameworks have emerged as a powerful paradigm for solving imaging inverse problems by treating pretrained generative models as modular priors. However, we identify a critical flaw in prevailing PnP…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Chenhe Du , Xuanyu Tian , Qing Wu , Muyu Liu , Jingyi Yu , Hongjiang Wei , Yuyao Zhang

Plug-and-Play Priors (PnP) is one of the most widely-used frameworks for solving computational imaging problems through the integration of physical models and learned models. PnP leverages high-fidelity physical sensor models and powerful…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-18 Ulugbek S. Kamilov , Charles A. Bouman , Gregery T. Buzzard , Brendt Wohlberg

Plug-and-play (PnP) methods are extensively used for solving imaging inverse problems by integrating physical measurement models with pre-trained deep denoisers as priors. Score-based diffusion models (SBMs) have recently emerged as a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-06 Chicago Y. Park , Yuyang Hu , Michael T. McCann , Cristina Garcia-Cardona , Brendt Wohlberg , Ulugbek S. Kamilov

Ptychography is a coherent diffraction imaging method that uses phase retrieval techniques to reconstruct complex-valued images. It achieves this by sequentially illuminating overlapping regions of a sample with a coherent beam and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-04 Alexander Denker , Johannes Hertrich , Zeljko Kereta , Silvia Cipiccia , Ecem Erin , Simon Arridge

Plug-and-Play Priors (PnP) is a well-known class of methods for solving inverse problems in computational imaging. PnP methods combine physical forward models with learned prior models specified as image denoisers. A common issue with the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-18 Edward P. Chandler , Shirin Shoushtari , Jiaming Liu , M. Salman Asif , Ulugbek S. Kamilov

Diffusion sampling-based Plug-and-Play (PnP) methods produce images with high perceptual quality but often suffer from reduced data fidelity, primarily due to the noise introduced during reverse diffusion. To address this trade-off, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Zhen Wang , Hongyi Liu , Jianing Li , Zhihui Wei

Many material and biological samples in scientific imaging are characterized by non-local repeating structures. These are studied using scanning electron microscopy and electron tomography. Sparse sampling of individual pixels in a 2D image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-09 Suhas Sreehari , S. V. Venkatakrishnan , Brendt Wohlberg , Lawrence F. Drummy , Jeffrey P. Simmons , Charles A. Bouman

We propose a novel plug-and-play (PnP) module for improving depth prediction with taking arbitrary patterns of sparse depths as input. Given any pre-trained depth prediction model, our PnP module updates the intermediate feature map such…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-12 Tsun-Hsuan Wang , Fu-En Wang , Juan-Ting Lin , Yi-Hsuan Tsai , Wei-Chen Chiu , Min Sun

Diffusion models are a remarkably effective way of learning and sampling from a distribution $p(x)$. In posterior sampling, one is also given a measurement model $p(y \mid x)$ and a measurement $y$, and would like to sample from $p(x \mid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Shivam Gupta , Ajil Jalal , Aditya Parulekar , Eric Price , Zhiyang Xun

Model-based methods play a key role in the reconstruction of compressed sensing (CS) MRI. Finding an effective prior to describe the statistical distribution of the image family of interest is crucial for model-based methods. Plug-and-play…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-27 Tao Hong , Xiaojian Xu , Jason Hu , Jeffrey A. Fessler

Posterior sampling has been shown to be a powerful Bayesian approach for solving imaging inverse problems. The recent plug-and-play unadjusted Langevin algorithm (PnP-ULA) has emerged as a promising method for Monte Carlo sampling and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-13 Marien Renaud , Jiaming Liu , Valentin de Bortoli , Andrés Almansa , Ulugbek S. Kamilov

Diffusion Posterior Sampling(DPS) methodology is a novel framework that permits nonlinear CT reconstruction by integrating a diffusion prior and an analytic physical system model, allowing for one-time training for different applications.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-19 Xiao Jiang , Shudong Li , Peiqing Teng , Grace Gang , J. Webster Stayman
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