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Deep reinforcement learning (RL) has been shown to be effective in producing approximate solutions to some vehicle routing problems (VRPs), especially when using policies generated by encoder-decoder attention mechanisms. While these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Joshua Levin , Randall Correll , Takanori Ide , Takafumi Suzuki , Takaho Saito , Alan Arai

Many real-world problems can be formulated as a constrained Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). However, the constraints are always complex and numerous, making the TSPs challenging to solve. When the number of complicated constraints grows,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Jingxiao Chen , Ziqin Gong , Minghuan Liu , Jun Wang , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang

Model reduction, which aims to learn a simpler model of the original mixed integer linear programming (MILP), can solve large-scale MILP problems much faster. Most existing model reduction methods are based on variable reduction, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Jiajun Li , Yixuan Li , Ran Hou , Yu Ding , Shisi Guan , Jiahui Duan , Xiongwei Han , Tao Zhong , Vincent Chau , Weiwei Wu , Wanyuan Wang

We consider a vehicle routing problem which seeks to minimize cost subject to time window and synchronization constraints. In this problem, the fleet of vehicles is categorized into regular and special vehicles. Some customers require both…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Minh Hoàng Hà , Tat Dat Nguyen , Thinh Nguyen Duy , Hoang Giang Pham , Thuy Do , Louis-Martin Rousseau

This paper introduces the Packing While Traveling problem as a new non-linear knapsack problem. Given are a set of cities that have a set of items of distinct profits and weights and a vehicle that may collect the items when visiting all…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-03-22 Sergey Polyakovskiy , Frank Neumann

This paper presents a new branch-and-cut algorithm based on infeasible path elimination for the three-dimensional loading capacitated vehicle routing problem (3L-CVRP) with different loading problem variants. We show that a previously…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-02-26 Felix Tamke , Florian Linß , Leopold Kuttner , Udo Buscher

Although Vehicle Routing Problems (VRP) are essential to many real-world systems, they remain computationally intractable at scale due to their combinatorial complexity. Traditional heuristics rely on handcrafted rules for local…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Oleksandr Yakovenko , Mahdi Mostajabdaveh , Cheikh Ahmed , Abdullah Ali Sivas , Xiaorui Li , Zirui Zhou , Mao Kun

In the last decades, the classical Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), i.e., assigning a set of orders to vehicles and planning their routes has been intensively researched. As only the assignment of order to vehicles and their routes is already…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-01-13 Veronika Lesch , Maximilian König , Samuel Kounev , Anthony Stein , Christian Krupitzer

The article presents a framework for the resolution of rich vehicle routing problems which are difficult to address with standard optimization techniques. We use local search on the basis on variable neighborhood search for the construction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2008-09-04 Martin Josef Geiger , Wolf Wenger

We propose an approach to solve multi-agent path planning (MPP) problems for complex environments. Our method first designs a special pebble graph with a set of feasibility constraints, under which MPP problems have feasibility guarantee.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Xifeng Gao , Zherong Pan , Ruiqi Ni

We introduce the Pickup and Delivery Problem with Time Windows and Scheduling on the Edges (PDPTW-SE), a generalization of the PDPTW that integrates vehicle routing and machine scheduling. The problem involves defining routes for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-12 Vítor A. Barbosa , Sunil Tiwari , Rafael A. Melo

We consider the Single School Routing Problem (SSRP) where students from a single school are picked up by a fleet of school buses, subject to a set of constraints. The constraints that are typically imposed for school buses are bus…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-03 Xiaotong Guo , Samitha Samaranayake

The capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem with structured Time Windows (cVRPsTW) is concerned with finding optimal tours for vehicles with given capacity constraints to deliver goods to customers within assigned time windows. In our problem…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-10 Christoph Hertrich , Philipp Hungerländer , Christian Truden

The analysis of infeasible subproblems plays an import role in solving mixed integer programs (MIPs) and is implemented in most major MIP solvers. There are two fundamentally different concepts to generate valid global constraints from…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-24 Jakob Witzig , Timo Berthold , Stefan Heinz

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has emerged as a promising approach for solving Combinatorial Optimization (CO) problems, such as the 3D Bin Packing Problem (3D-BPP), Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), or Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Han Fang , Paul Weng , Yutong Ban

The Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) is a fundamental NP-hard problem with broad applications in logistics and transportation. Real-world CVRPs often involve diverse objectives and complex constraints, such as time windows or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Wen Wang , Xiangchen Wu , Liang Wang , Hao Hu , Xianping Tao

The min-max vehicle routing problem (min-max VRP) traverses all given customers by assigning several routes and aims to minimize the length of the longest route. Recently, reinforcement learning (RL)-based sequential planning methods have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Zhi Zheng , Shunyu Yao , Zhenkun Wang , Xialiang Tong , Mingxuan Yuan , Ke Tang

Neural solvers based on the divide-and-conquer approach for Vehicle Routing Problems (VRPs) in general, and capacitated VRP (CVRP) in particular, integrates the global partition of an instance with local constructions for each subproblem to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Yuxin Pan , Ruohong Liu , Yize Chen , Zhiguang Cao , Fangzhen Lin

Due to its direct relevance to post-disaster operations, meter reading and civil refuse collection, the Uncertain Capacitated Arc Routing Problem (UCARP) is an important optimisation problem. Stochastic models are critical to study as they…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Jordan MacLachlan , Yi Mei , Juergen Branke , Mengjie Zhang

In recent years, numerous vision and learning tasks have been (re)formulated as nonconvex and nonsmooth programmings(NNPs). Although some algorithms have been proposed for particular problems, designing fast and flexible optimization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-07-03 Yiyang Wang , Risheng Liu , Xiaoliang Song , Zhixun Su