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This paper presents a tractable algorithm for estimating an unknown Lipschitz function from noisy observations and establishes an upper bound on its convergence rate. The approach extends max-affine methods from convex shape-restricted…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-20 Gábor Balázs

Despite much effort, deep neural networks remain highly susceptible to tiny input perturbations and even for MNIST, one of the most common toy datasets in computer vision, no neural network model exists for which adversarial perturbations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-21 Lukas Schott , Jonas Rauber , Matthias Bethge , Wieland Brendel

Neural network methods for PDEs require reliable error control in function space norms. However, trained neural networks can typically only be probed at a finite number of point values. Without strong assumptions, point evaluations alone do…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-17 Johannes Gründler , Moritz Maibaum , Philipp Petersen

Neural networks offer a computationally efficient approximation of model predictive control, but they lack guarantees on the resulting controlled system's properties. Formal certification of neural networks is crucial for ensuring safety,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-05 Philip Sosnin , Calvin Tsay

With neural networks being used to control safety-critical systems, they increasingly have to be both accurate (in the sense of matching inputs to outputs) and robust. However, these two properties are often at odds with each other and a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-30 Ross Drummond , Chris Guiver , Matthew C. Turner

Applying neural networks as controllers in dynamical systems has shown great promises. However, it is critical yet challenging to verify the safety of such control systems with neural-network controllers in the loop. Previous methods for…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-26 Chao Huang , Jiameng Fan , Wenchao Li , Xin Chen , Qi Zhu

While neural networks can enjoy an outstanding flexibility and exhibit unprecedented performance, the mechanism behind their behavior is still not well-understood. To tackle this fundamental challenge, researchers have tried to restrict and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Yuri Kinoshita , Taro Toyoizumi

This paper concerns parameterized convex infinite (or semi-infinite) inequality systems whose decision variables run over general infinite-dimensional Banach (resp. finite-dimensional) spaces and that are indexed by an arbitrary fixed set T…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-02-07 M. J. CÁnovas , M. A. LÓpez , B. S. Mordukhovich , J. Parra

Fixed-point equations with Lipschitz operators have been studied for more than a century, and are central to problems in mathematical optimization, game theory, economics, and dynamical systems, among others. When the Lipschitz constant of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-12 Jelena Diakonikolas

Motivated by classical work on the numerical integration of ordinary differential equations we present a ResNet-styled neural network architecture that encodes non-expansive (1-Lipschitz) operators, as long as the spectral norms of the…

Learning operators between infinitely dimensional spaces is an important learning task arising in wide applications in machine learning, imaging science, mathematical modeling and simulations, etc. This paper studies the nonparametric…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-01-04 Hao Liu , Haizhao Yang , Minshuo Chen , Tuo Zhao , Wenjing Liao

It is well-known that the training of Deep Neural Networks (DNN) can be formalized in the language of optimal control. In this context, this paper leverages classical turnpike properties of optimal control problems to attempt a quantifiable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Timm Faulwasser , Arne-Jens Hempel , Stefan Streif

Neural implicit surfaces are a promising tool for geometry processing that represent a solid object as the zero level set of a neural network. Usually trained to approximate a signed distance function of the considered object, these methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Guillaume Coiffier , Louis Bethune

Neural networks are commonly used in safety-critical real-world applications. Unfortunately, the predicted output is often highly sensitive to small, and possibly imperceptible, changes to the input data. Proving that either no such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-03 Christopher Brix , Thomas Noll

This study investigates imposing hard inequality constraints on the outputs of convolutional neural networks (CNN) during training. Several recent works showed that the theoretical and practical advantages of Lagrangian optimization over…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Hoel Kervadec , Jose Dolz , Jing Yuan , Christian Desrosiers , Eric Granger , Ismail Ben Ayed

We consider a neural network architecture designed to solve inverse problems where the degradation operator is linear and known. This architecture is constructed by unrolling a forward-backward algorithm derived from the minimization of an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-02 Emilie Chouzenoux , Cecile Della Valle , Jean-Christophe Pesquet

We present deterministic techniques for computing upper and lower bounds on marginal probabilities in sigmoid and noisy-OR networks. These techniques become useful when the size of the network (or clique size) precludes exact computations.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-18 Tommi S. Jaakkola , Michael I. Jordan

This paper considers the following question: how well can depth-two ReLU networks with randomly initialized bottom-level weights represent smooth functions? We give near-matching upper- and lower-bounds for $L_2$-approximation in terms of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Daniel Hsu , Clayton Sanford , Rocco A. Servedio , Emmanouil-Vasileios Vlatakis-Gkaragkounis

Exponential generalization bounds with near-tight rates have recently been established for uniformly stable learning algorithms. The notion of uniform stability, however, is stringent in the sense that it is invariant to the data-generating…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-09 Xiao-Tong Yuan , Ping Li

We prove bounds on the generalization error of convolutional networks. The bounds are in terms of the training loss, the number of parameters, the Lipschitz constant of the loss and the distance from the weights to the initial weights. They…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-09 Philip M. Long , Hanie Sedghi