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Incremental learning remains a critical challenge in machine learning, as models often struggle with catastrophic forgetting -the tendency to lose previously acquired knowledge when learning new information. These challenges are even more…

Federated Class Incremental Learning (FCIL) aims to collaboratively process continuously increasing incoming tasks across multiple clients. Among various approaches, data replay has become a promising solution, which can alleviate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Zhuang Qi , Ying-Peng Tang , Lei Meng , Han Yu , Xiaoxiao Li , Xiangxu Meng

The rehearsal strategy is widely used to alleviate the catastrophic forgetting problem in class incremental learning (CIL) by preserving limited exemplars from previous tasks. With imbalanced sample numbers between old and new classes, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Xiuwei Chen , Xiaobin Chang

In-context learning (ICL) empowers generative models to address new tasks effectively and efficiently on the fly, without relying on any artificially crafted optimization techniques. In this paper, we study extending ICL to address a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Fan Wang , Chuan Lin , Yang Cao , Yu Kang

With the memory-resource-limited constraints, class-incremental learning (CIL) usually suffers from the "catastrophic forgetting" problem when updating the joint classification model on the arrival of newly added classes. To cope with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Hanbin Zhao , Hui Wang , Yongjian Fu , Fei Wu , Xi Li

Class-incremental learning (CIL) aims to train a classification model while the number of classes increases phase-by-phase. An inherent challenge of CIL is the stability-plasticity tradeoff, i.e., CIL models should keep stable to retain old…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Yaoyao Liu , Yingying Li , Bernt Schiele , Qianru Sun

Using task-specific components within a neural network in continual learning (CL) is a compelling strategy to address the stability-plasticity dilemma in fixed-capacity models without access to past data. Current methods focus only on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Ghada Sokar , Decebal Constantin Mocanu , Mykola Pechenizkiy

In many domains, autoregressive models can attain high likelihood on the task of predicting the next observation. However, this maximum-likelihood (MLE) objective does not necessarily match a downstream use-case of autoregressively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Chris Cundy , Stefano Ermon

Motivated by the efficiency and rapid convergence of pre-trained models for solving downstream tasks, this paper extensively studies the impact of Continual Learning (CL) models as pre-trainers. In both supervised and unsupervised CL, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Jaehong Yoon , Sung Ju Hwang , Yue Cao

We propose a novel TACLE (TAsk and CLass-awarE) framework to address the relatively unexplored and challenging problem of exemplar-free semi-supervised class incremental learning. In this scenario, at each new task, the model has to learn…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Jayateja Kalla , Rohit Kumar , Soma Biswas

Current research on class-incremental learning primarily focuses on single-label classification tasks. However, real-world applications often involve multi-label scenarios, such as image retrieval and medical imaging. Therefore, this paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Chenhao Ding , Songlin Dong , Zhengdong Zhou , Jizhou Han , Qiang Wang , Yuhang He , Yihong Gong

Curriculum learning strategies in prior multi-task learning approaches arrange datasets in a difficulty hierarchy either based on human perception or by exhaustively searching the optimal arrangement. However, human perception of difficulty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Neeraj Varshney , Swaroop Mishra , Chitta Baral

LLMs often generate seemingly valid answers to flawed or ill-posed inputs. This is not due to missing knowledge: under discriminative prompting, the same models can mostly identify such issues, yet fail to reflect this in standard…

Class-incremental learning (CIL) for time series data faces critical challenges in balancing stability against catastrophic forgetting and plasticity for new knowledge acquisition, particularly under real-world constraints where historical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Yuanlong Wu , Mingxing Nie , Tao Zhu , Liming Chen , Huansheng Ning , Yaping Wan

Class-incremental learning (CIL) aims to adapt to emerging new classes without forgetting old ones. Traditional CIL models are trained from scratch to continually acquire knowledge as data evolves. Recently, pre-training has achieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Da-Wei Zhou , Zi-Wen Cai , Han-Jia Ye , De-Chuan Zhan , Ziwei Liu

Incremental learning (IL) is an important task aimed at increasing the capability of a trained model, in terms of the number of classes recognizable by the model. The key problem in this task is the requirement of storing data (e.g. images)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Prithviraj Dhar , Rajat Vikram Singh , Kuan-Chuan Peng , Ziyan Wu , Rama Chellappa

Modern computer vision applications suffer from catastrophic forgetting when incrementally learning new concepts over time. The most successful approaches to alleviate this forgetting require extensive replay of previously seen data, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-20 James Smith , Yen-Chang Hsu , Jonathan Balloch , Yilin Shen , Hongxia Jin , Zsolt Kira

For flexible yet safe imitation learning (IL), we propose theory and a modular method, with a safety layer that enables a closed-form probability density/gradient of the safe generative continuous policy, end-to-end generative adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Philipp Geiger , Christoph-Nikolas Straehle

Generative models have shown impressive capabilities in synthesizing high-quality outputs across various domains. However, a persistent challenge is the occurrence of "hallucinations", where the model produces outputs that are plausible but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Changlong Wu , Ananth Grama , Wojciech Szpankowski

Class-incremental learning (CIL) with pre-trained models (PTMs) faces a critical trade-off between efficient adaptation and long-term stability. While analytic learning enables rapid, recursive closed-form updates, its efficacy is often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Binyu Zhao , Wei Zhang , Xingrui Yu , Zhaonian Zou , Ivor Tsang
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