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Evidence for non-zero mean stellar velocities in the direction perpendicular to the Galactic plane has been accumulating from various recent large spectroscopic surveys. Previous analytical and numerical work has shown that a "breathing…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-07-15 Giacomo Monari , Benoit Famaey , Arnaud Siebert

We run a suite of $N$-body simulations to investigate how classical bulges affect bar formation and properties under the internal formation mechanism. We incorporate bulges of varying mass and compactness into disk galaxy models and evolve…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-13 Yirui Zheng , Juntai Shen , Bin-Hui Chen

We present a statistical analysis of the connections between galactic bars, star formation, and active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity using 33,201 disk galaxies (0.01 < z < 0.05) from DESI DR1 cross-matched with Galaxy Zoo DESI. Based on…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-07 Jianfei Liu , Zhimin Zhou

We present a comparison of barstrength Qb and circumnuclear dust morphology for 75 galaxies in order to investigate how bars affect the centers of galaxies. We trace the circumnuclear dust morphology and amount of dust structure with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-11 Molly Peeples , Paul Martini

We present deep near-infrared K_s-band AAT IRIS2 observations of a selected sample of nearby barred spiral galaxies, including some with the strongest known bars. The sample covers a range of Hubble types from SB0- to SBc. The goal is to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 R. J. Buta , J. H. Knapen , B. G. Elmegreen , H. Salo , E. Laurikainen , D. M. Elmegreen , I. Puerari , D. L. Block

By performing a global magneto-hydrodynamical simulation for the Milky Way with an axisymmetric gravitational potential, we propose that spatially dependent amplification of magnetic fields possibly explains the observed noncircular motion…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-10-28 Takeru K. Suzuki , Yasuo Fukui , Kazufumi Torii , Mami Machida , Ryoji Matsumoto

We analyse the output of the hi-res cosmological zoom-in simulation ErisBH to study self-consistently the formation of a strong stellar bar in a Milky Way-type galaxy and its effect on the galactic structure, on the central gas distribution…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-12-28 Daniele Spinoso , Silvia Bonoli , Massimo Dotti , Lucio Mayer , Piero Madau , Jillian Bellovary

We present optical broad- and narrow-band imaging of a sample of a dozen barred galaxies. These images are analyzed in conjunction with our previously published near-infrared imaging of their central regions and with literature values for,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 J. H. Knapen , D. Perez-Ramirez , S. Laine

A significant fraction of local galaxies exhibit stellar bars, non-axisymmetric structures composed of stars, gas, and dust. Identifying key differences between the properties of barred and unbarred galaxies can uncover clues about the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-23 Paula D. López , Cecilia Scannapieco , Sofía A. Cora , Ignacio D. Gargiulo

Bars are common galactic structures in the local universe that play an important role in the secular evolution of galaxies, including the Milky Way. In particular, the velocity distribution of individual stars in our galaxy is useful to…

By means of self-consistent numerical simulations we investigated the dynamical impact of classical bulges on the growth of the secondary buckling of a bar. Overall we considered 14 models with different disc and bulge parameters. We…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-02-25 Anton A. Smirnov , Natalia Ya. Sotnikova

This paper presents bar strength measurements for a sample of 180 galaxies, based on the H-band images of the Ohio State University Bright Galaxy Survey (Eskridge et al. 2002, ApJS, 143, 73). We use a gravitational bar torque method, where…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 E. Laurikainen , H. Salo , R. Buta , S. Vasylyev

From this vast subject, I will pick out and review three specific topics, namely the formation and evolution of bars, the formation of bulges, and the evolution during multiple major mergers. Bars form naturally in galactic discs. Their…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 E. Athanassoula

Many disc galaxies host galactic bars, which exert time-dependent, non-axisymmetric forces that can alter the orbits of stars. There should be both angle and radius-dependence in the resulting radial rearrangement of stars ('radial mixing')…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-11-06 Carrie Filion , Rachel L. McClure , Martin D. Weinberg , Elena D'Onghia , Kathryne J. Daniel

Using hydrodynamic simulations, we investigate the physical properties of gaseous substructures in barred galaxies and their relationships with the bar strength. The gaseous medium is assumed to be isothermal and unmagnetized. The bar…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Woong-Tae Kim , Woo-Young Seo , Yonghwi Kim

The short-lived buckling instability is responsible for the formation of at least some box/peanut (B/P) shaped bulges, which are observed in most massive, $z=0$, barred galaxies. Nevertheless, it has also been suggested that B/P bulges form…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-10-25 V. Cuomo , V. P. Debattista , S. Racz , S. R. Anderson , P. Erwin , O. A. Gonzalez , J. W. Powell , E. M. Corsini , L. Morelli , M. A. Norris

I summarize a series of studies where the underlying theme is to exploit non-axisymmetry disk structures such as bars and spiral arms. By measuring the strength of gravitational forces from these structures we can measure the mass in them.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. C. Quillen

Barred structures are widespread in a considerable fraction of galactic discs, spanning diverse environments and galaxy luminosities. The environment likely exerts a significant influence on bar formation. It is plausible that the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-09-22 J. Alfonso L. Aguerri , Virginia Cuomo , Azahara Rojas-Roncero , Lorenzo Morelli

Does the environment of a galaxy directly influence the kinematics of its bar? We present observational evidence that bars in high-density environments exhibit significantly slower rotation rates than bars in low-density environments.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-18 Natalia Puczek , Tobias Géron , Rebecca J. Smethurst , Chris J. Lintott

We present a novel interpretation of the previously puzzling different behaviours of stellar populations of the Milky Way's bulge. We first show, by means of pure N-body simulations, that initially co-spatial stellar populations with…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-06-08 Victor P. Debattista , Melissa Ness , Oscar A. Gonzalez , K. Freeman , Manuela Zoccali , Dante Minniti
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