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Gravitational waves propagating across gravitational potentials undergo lensing effects that, in the wave-optics regime, manifest as frequency-dependent amplitude and phase modulations. In this work, we revisit the diffraction integral…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-01-09 Mariana Carrillo Gonzalez , Valerio De Luca , Alice Garoffolo , Julio Parra-Martinez , Mark Trodden

In this work we introduced a new proposal to study the gravitational lensing theory by spherical lenses, starting from its surface mass density $\Sigma(x)$ written in terms of a decreasing function $f$ of a dimensionless coordinate $x$ on…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-07-21 Roger Hurtado , Leonardo Castaneda , Juan M. Tejeiro

Context: Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) are enigmatic extragalactic bursts whose properties are still largely unknown, but based on their extremely small time duration, they are proposed to have a compact structure, making them candidates for…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-13 Goureesankar Sathyanathan , Calvin Leung , Olaf Wucknitz , Prasenjit Saha

Continuous gravitational waves are analogous to monochromatic light and therefore could be used to detect wave effects like interference or diffraction. This would be possible with strongly lensed gravitational waves. This article reviews…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-02-02 Marek Biesiada , Sreekanth Harikumar

It is standard practice to study the lensing of gravitational waves (GW) using the geometric optics regime. However, in many astrophysical configurations this regime breaks down as the wavelength becomes comparable to the Schwarzschild…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-02-26 Giulia Cusin , Macarena Lagos

We develop a model of gravitational lensing in a non-uniform plasma. When a gravitating body is surrounded by a plasma, the lensing angle depends on the frequency of the electromagnetic wave, due to dispersion properties of plasma, in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-06-14 G. S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan , O. Yu. Tsupko

Wave-mechanical effects in gravitational lensing have long been predicted, and with the discovery of populations of compact transients such as gravitational wave events and fast radio bursts, may soon be observed. We present an observer's…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-04-04 Calvin Leung , Dylan Jow , Prasenjit Saha , Liang Dai , Masamune Oguri , Léon V. E. Koopmans

Cosmic shear requires high precision measurement of galaxy shapes in the presence of the observational Point Spread Function (PSF) that smears out the image. The PSF must therefore be known for each galaxy to a high accuracy. However, for…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 E. S. Cypriano , A. Amara , L. M. Voigt , S. L. Bridle , F. B. Abdalla , A. Refregier , M. Seiffert , J. Rhodes

The current weak lensing measurements of the large scale structure are mostly related to statistical study of background galaxy ellipticities. We consider a possibility to extend lensing studies with intrinsically unresolved sources and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Asantha Cooray

The propagation of gravitational waves can be described in terms of null geodesics by using the geometrical optics approximation. However, at large but finite frequencies the propagation is affected by the spin-orbit coupling corrections to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-29 Marius A. Oancea , Richard Stiskalek , Miguel Zumalacárregui

Galaxy imaging surveys observe a vast number of objects that are affected by the instrument's Point Spread Function (PSF). Weak lensing missions, in particular, aim at measuring the shape of galaxies, and PSF effects represent an important…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-03 T. Liaudat , J. Bonnin , J. -L. Starck , M. A. Schmitz , A. Guinot , M. Kilbinger , S. D. J. Gwyn

From the nature of dark matter to the rate of expansion of our Universe, observations of distant galaxies distorted through strong gravitational lensing have the potential to answer some of the major open questions in astrophysics. Modeling…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-18 Siddharth Mishra-Sharma , Ge Yang

Gravitational lensing is the phenomenon arising when light rays are deflected by the mass between the source and the observer. Largely magnified and highly distorted images of background galaxies are formed by these angular deflections if…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-02 Atınç Çağan Şengül

We present a new algorithm for estimating the Point Spread Function (PSF) in wide-field astronomical images with extreme source crowding. Robust and accurate PSF estimation in crowded astronomical images dramatically improves the fidelity…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-09 Brendt Wohlberg , Przemek Wozniak

It is expected that gravitational waves, similar to electromagnetic waves, can be gravitationally lensed by intervening matters, producing multiple instances of the same signal arriving at different times from different apparent luminosity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-14 Rico K. L. Lo , Ignacio Magana Hernandez

We consider the effect of lensing by galaxy clusters on the angular distribution of submillimeter wavelength objects. While lensing does not change the total flux and number counts of submillimeter sources, it can affect the number counts…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Evan Scannapieco , Joseph Silk , Jonathan C. Tan

Uncertainty in the wide-angle Point Spread Function (PSF) at large angles (tens of arcseconds and beyond) is one of the dominant sources of error in a number of important quantities in observational astronomy. Examples include the stellar…

High quality, repeatable point-spread functions are important for science cases like direct exoplanet imaging, high-precision astrometry, and high-resolution spectroscopy of exoplanets. For such demanding applications, the initial on-sky…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-19 Steven P. Bos , Michael Bottom , Sam Ragland , Jacques-Robert Delorme , Sylvain Cetre , Laurent Pueyo

Recently, several eclipsing millisecond pulsars have been shown to experience strong and apparent weak lensing from the outflow of their ionized companions. Lensing can be a powerful probe of the ionized plasma, with the strongest lenses…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-12-07 Fang Xi Lin , Robert Main , Dylan Jow , Dongzi Li , Ue-Li Pen , Marten H. van Kerkwijk

Compact radio sources have been observed to undergo large, frequency dependent changes in intensity due to lensing by structures in the interstellar medium, in so-called "extreme scattering events" (ESEs). While the study of astrophysical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-06-22 Dylan L. Jow , Ue-Li Pen