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Large Language Models (LLMs), trained on extensive web-scale corpora, have demonstrated remarkable abilities across diverse tasks, especially as they are scaled up. Nevertheless, even state-of-the-art models struggle in certain cases,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Irina Bigoulaeva , Harish Tayyar Madabushi , Iryna Gurevych

Recently, Language Models (LMs) instruction-tuned on multiple tasks, also known as multitask-prompted fine-tuning (MT), have shown the capability to generalize to unseen tasks. Previous work has shown that scaling the number of training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Joel Jang , Seungone Kim , Seonghyeon Ye , Doyoung Kim , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Moontae Lee , Kyungjae Lee , Minjoon Seo

The advent of transformer-based architectures and large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the performance of natural language processing (NLP) models. Since these LLMs are trained on huge corpuses of data from the web and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Arkadeep Baksi , Rahul Singh , Tarun Joshi

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional multitasking abilities, fine-tuning these models on downstream, domain-specific datasets is often necessary to yield superior performance on test sets compared to their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Haoran Yang , Yumeng Zhang , Jiaqi Xu , Hongyuan Lu , Pheng Ann Heng , Wai Lam

The potential of large language models (LLMs) to simultaneously perform a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks has been the subject of extensive research. Although instruction tuning has proven to be a data-efficient method…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Chufan Shi , Yixuan Su , Cheng Yang , Yujiu Yang , Deng Cai

Large language models (LLMs) have shown great capabilities in various tasks but also exhibited memorization of training data, raising tremendous privacy and copyright concerns. While prior works have studied memorization during…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Shenglai Zeng , Yaxin Li , Jie Ren , Yiding Liu , Han Xu , Pengfei He , Yue Xing , Shuaiqiang Wang , Jiliang Tang , Dawei Yin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success, where instruction tuning is the critical step in aligning LLMs with user intentions. In this work, we investigate how the instruction tuning adjusts pre-trained models with a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Xuansheng Wu , Wenlin Yao , Jianshu Chen , Xiaoman Pan , Xiaoyang Wang , Ninghao Liu , Dong Yu

Instruction tuning -- supervised fine-tuning using instruction-response pairs -- is a key step in making pre-trained large language models (LLMs) instructable. Meanwhile, LLMs perform multitask learning during their pre-training, acquiring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Seokhyun An , Minji Kim , Hyounghun Kim

Large pre-trained language models (PLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on natural language understanding (NLU) tasks through fine-tuning. However, fine-tuned models still suffer from overconfident predictions, especially in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Guande He , Jianfei Chen , Jun Zhu

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) are known to be overly parameterized and have significant redundancy, indicating a small degree of freedom of the PLMs. Motivated by the observation, in this paper, we study the problem of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Zhong Zhang , Bang Liu , Junming Shao

Process mining is increasingly using textual information associated with events to tackle tasks such as anomaly detection and process discovery. Such semantics-aware process mining focuses on what behavior should be possible in a process…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Vira Pyrih , Adrian Rebmann , Han van der Aa

As the knowledge of large language models (LLMs) becomes outdated over time, there is a growing need for efficient methods to update them, especially when injecting proprietary information. Our study reveals that comprehension-intensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Essa Jan , Moiz Ali , Muhammad Saram Hassan , Fareed Zaffar , Yasir Zaki

The pretrained large language models (LLMs) are finetuned with labeled data for better instruction following ability and alignment with human values. In this paper, we study the learning dynamics of LLM finetuning on reasoning tasks and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zhiwen Ruan , Yun Chen , Yutao Hou , Peng Li , Yang Liu , Guanhua Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising results on machine translation for high resource language pairs and domains. However, in specialised domains (e.g. medical) LLMs have shown lower performance compared to standard neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Miguel Rios

The emergence of Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) has achieved tremendous success in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) by learning universal representations on large corpora in a self-supervised manner. The pre-trained models…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Peng Liu , Lemei Zhang , Jon Atle Gulla

Large language models are increasingly deployed across diverse applications. This often includes tasks LLMs have not encountered during training. This implies that enumerating and obtaining the high-quality training data for all tasks is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Shambhavi Krishna , Atharva Naik , Chaitali Agarwal , Sudharshan Govindan , Taesung Lee , Haw-Shiuan Chang

Large pretrained language models (PLMs) are often domain- or task-adapted via fine-tuning or prompting. Finetuning requires modifying all of the parameters and having enough data to avoid overfitting while prompting requires no training and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Zejiang Hou , Julian Salazar , George Polovets

Natural language processing (NLP) tasks tend to suffer from a paucity of suitably annotated training data, hence the recent success of transfer learning across a wide variety of them. The typical recipe involves: (i) training a deep,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-11 Lyan Verwimp , Jerome R. Bellegarda

Transfer learning from pre-trained neural language models towards downstream tasks has been a predominant theme in NLP recently. Several researchers have shown that deep NLP models learn non-trivial amount of linguistic knowledge, captured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Nadir Durrani , Hassan Sajjad , Fahim Dalvi

Instruction tuning significantly enhances the performance of large language models (LLMs) across various tasks. However, the procedure to optimizing the mixing of instruction datasets for LLM fine-tuning is still poorly understood. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Renxi Wang , Haonan Li , Minghao Wu , Yuxia Wang , Xudong Han , Chiyu Zhang , Timothy Baldwin
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