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Recently, many different pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations have reported strong evidence for a common stochastic process in their data sets. The reported amplitudes are in tension with previously computed upper limits. In this paper,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-06-29 Aaron D. Johnson , Sarah J. Vigeland , Xavier Siemens , Stephen R. Taylor

We investigate the class of quadratic detectors (i.e., the statistic is a bilinear function of the data) for the detection of poorly modeled gravitational transients of short duration. We point out that all such detection methods are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 E. Chassande-Mottin

Space-based gravitational wave (GW) detectors will be able to observe signals from sources that are otherwise nearly impossible from current ground-based detection. Consequently, the well established signal detection method, matched…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-17 Tianyu Zhao , Ruoxi Lyu , He Wang , Zhoujian Cao , Zhixiang Ren

We construct realistic sensitivity curves for pulsar timing array searches for gravitational waves, incorporating both red and white noise contributions to individual pulsar noise spectra, as well as the effect of fitting to a pulsar timing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-11-20 Jeffrey S. Hazboun , Joseph D. Romano , Tristan L. Smith

We describe the consistency testing of a new code for gravitational wave signal parameter estimation in known pulsar searches. The code uses an implementation of nested sampling to explore the likelihood volume. Using fake signals and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-04 M. Pitkin , C. Gill , J. Veitch , E. Macdonald , G. Woan

A common technique for detection of gravitational-wave signals is searching for excess power in frequency-time maps of gravitational-wave detector data. In the event of a detection, model selection and parameter estimation will be performed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-19 Michael Coughlin , Nelson Christensen , Jonathan Gair , Shivaraj Kandhasamy , Eric Thrane

Gravitational-wave parameter estimation for compact binary signals typically relies on sequential estimation of the properties of the detector Gaussian noise and of the binary parameters. This procedure assumes that the noise variance,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-14 Cailin Plunkett , Sophie Hourihane , Katerina Chatziioannou

We discuss data analysis techniques that can be used in the search for gravitational wave bursts from cosmic strings. When data from multiple interferometers are available, we describe consistency checks that can be used to greatly reduce…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Xavier Siemens , Jolien Creighton , Irit Maor , Saikat Ray Majumder , Kipp Cannon , Jocelyn Read

The fourth science run of the LIGO and GEO 600 gravitational-wave detectors, carried out in early 2005, collected data with significantly lower noise than previous science runs. We report on a search for short-duration gravitational-wave…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-08-27 LIGO Scientific Collaboration

Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) use an array of millisecond pulsars to search for gravitational waves in the nanohertz regime in pulse time of arrival data. This paper presents rigorous tests of PTA methods, examining their consistency across…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-05-14 Aaron D. Johnson , Patrick M. Meyers , Paul T. Baker , Neil J. Cornish , Jeffrey S. Hazboun , Tyson B. Littenberg , Joseph D. Romano , Stephen R. Taylor , Michele Vallisneri , Sarah J. Vigeland , Ken D. Olum , Xavier Siemens , Justin A. Ellis , Rutger van Haasteren , Sophie Hourihane , Gabriella Agazie , Akash Anumarlapudi , Anne M. Archibald , Zaven Arzoumanian , Laura Blecha , Adam Brazier , Paul R. Brook , Sarah Burke-Spolaor , Bence Bécsy , J. Andrew Casey-Clyde , Maria Charisi , Shami Chatterjee , Katerina Chatziioannou , Tyler Cohen , James M. Cordes , Fronefield Crawford , H. Thankful Cromartie , Kathryn Crowter , Megan E. DeCesar , Paul B. Demorest , Timothy Dolch , Brendan Drachler , Elizabeth C. Ferrara , William Fiore , Emmanuel Fonseca , Gabriel E. Freedman , Nate Garver-Daniels , Peter A. Gentile , Joseph Glaser , Deborah C. Good , Kayhan Gültekin , Ross J. Jennings , Megan L. Jones , Andrew R. Kaiser , David L. Kaplan , Luke Zoltan Kelley , Matthew Kerr , Joey S. Key , Nima Laal , Michael T. Lam , William G. Lamb , T. Joseph W. Lazio , Natalia Lewandowska , Tingting Liu , Duncan R. Lorimer , Ryan S. Lynch , Chung-Pei Ma , Dustin R. Madison , Alexander McEwen , James W. McKee , Maura A. McLaughlin , Natasha McMann , Bradley W. Meyers , Chiara M. F. Mingarelli , Andrea Mitridate , Cherry Ng , David J. Nice , Stella Koch Ocker , Timothy T. Pennucci , Benetge B. P. Perera , Nihan S. Pol , Henri A. Radovan , Scott M. Ransom , Paul S. Ray , Shashwat C. Sardesai , Carl Schmiedekamp , Ann Schmiedekamp , Kai Schmitz , Brent J. Shapiro-Albert , Joseph Simon , Magdalena S. Siwek , Ingrid H. Stairs , Daniel R. Stinebring , Kevin Stovall , Abhimanyu Susobhanan , Joseph K. Swiggum , Jacob E. Turner , Caner Unal , Haley M. Wahl , Caitlin A. Witt , Olivia Young

(Abridged) This thesis presents long-term timing results on 20 millisecond pulsars (MSPs). It has been predicted that such timing may detect gravitational waves (GWs) - a major (but untested) prediction of general relativity. Our results…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2009-06-24 Joris P. W. Verbiest

Searches for binary inspiral signals in data collected by interferometric gravitational wave detectors utilize matched filtering techniques. Although matched filtering is optimal in the case of stationary Gaussian noise, data from real…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Peter Shawhan , Evan Ochsner

We present a new method and implementation to obtain Bayesian posteriors on the amplitude parameters $\{h_0, \cos \iota, \psi, \phi_0\}$ of continuous-gravitational waves emitted by known pulsars. This approach leverages the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-03 A. Ashok , P. B. Covas , R. Prix , M. A. Papa

The Fisher-matrix formalism is used routinely in the literature on gravitational-wave detection to characterize the parameter-estimation performance of gravitational-wave measurements, given parametrized models of the waveforms, and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Michele Vallisneri

Searching for gravitational waves in pulsar timing array data is computationally intensive. The data is unevenly sampled, and the noise is heteroscedastic, necessitating the use of a time-domain likelihood function with attendant expensive…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-06-22 Bence Bécsy , Neil J. Cornish , Matthew C. Digman

A search for periodic gravitational-wave signals from isolated neutron stars in the NAUTILUS detector data is presented. We have analyzed half a year of data over the frequency band $<922.2; 923.2>$ Hz, the spindown range…

In order to reach the sensitivity required to detect gravitational waves, pulsar timing array experiments need to mitigate as much noise as possible in timing data. A dominant amount of noise is likely due to variations in the dispersion…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 K. J. Lee , C. G. Bassa , G. H. Janssen , R. Karuppusamy , M. Kramer , K. Liu , D. Perrodin , R. Smits , B. W. Stappers , R. van Haasteren , L. Lentati

Folding uncertainty in theoretical models into Bayesian parameter estimation is necessary in order to make reliable inferences. A general means of achieving this is by marginalizing over model uncertainty using a prior distribution…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-03-04 Christopher J. Moore , Christopher P. L. Berry , Alvin J. K. Chua , Jonathan R. Gair

The nanohertz gravitational wave background (GWB) is expected to be an aggregate signal of an ensemble of gravitational waves emitted predominantly by a large population of coalescing supermassive black hole binaries in the centres of…

Pulsar-timing-array experiments have reported evidence for a stochastic background of nanohertz gravitational waves consistent with the signal expected from a population of supermassive--black-hole binaries. Their analyses assume power-law…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-03-17 Gabriella Agazie , Akash Anumarlapudi , Anne M. Archibald , Zaven Arzoumanian , Jeremy George Baier , Paul T. Baker , Bence Bécsy , Laura Blecha , Adam Brazier , Paul R. Brook , Sarah Burke-Spolaor , J. Andrew Casey-Clyde , Maria Charisi , Shami Chatterjee , Katerina Chatziioannou , Tyler Cohen , James M. Cordes , Neil J. Cornish , Fronefield Crawford , H. Thankful Cromartie , Kathryn Crowter , Megan E. DeCesar , Paul B. Demorest , Heling Deng , Lankeswar Dey , Timothy Dolch , Elizabeth C. Ferrara , William Fiore , Emmanuel Fonseca , Gabriel E. Freedman , Emiko C. Gardiner , Nate Garver-Daniels , Peter A. Gentile , Kyle A. Gersbach , Joseph Glaser , Deborah C. Good , Kayhan Gültekin , Jeffrey S. Hazboun , Ross J. Jennings , Aaron D. Johnson , Megan L. Jones , Andrew R. Kaiser , David L. Kaplan , Luke Zoltan Kelley , Matthew Kerr , Joey S. Key , Nima Laal , Michael T. Lam , William G. Lamb , Bjorn Larsen , T. Joseph W. Lazio , Natalia Lewandowska , Tingting Liu , Duncan R. Lorimer , Jing Luo , Ryan S. Lynch , Chung-Pei Ma , Dustin R. Madison , Alexander McEwen , James W. McKee , Maura A. McLaughlin , Natasha McMann , Bradley W. Meyers , Patrick M. Meyers , Chiara M. F. Mingarelli , Andrea Mitridate , Cherry Ng , David J. Nice , Stella Koch Ocker , Ken D. Olum , Timothy T. Pennucci , Benetge B. P. Perera , Nihan S. Pol , Henri A. Radovan , Scott M. Ransom , Paul S. Ray , Joseph D. Romano , Jessie C. Runnoe , Alexander Saffer , Shashwat C. Sardesai , Ann Schmiedekamp , Carl Schmiedekamp , Kai Schmitz , Brent J. Shapiro-Albert , Xavier Siemens , Joseph Simon , Magdalena S. Siwek , Sophia V. Sosa Fiscella , Ingrid H. Stairs , Daniel R. Stinebring , Kevin Stovall , Abhimanyu Susobhanan , Joseph K. Swiggum , Stephen R. Taylor , Jacob E. Turner , Caner Unal , Michele Vallisneri , Sarah J. Vigeland , Haley M. Wahl , Caitlin A. Witt , David Wright , Olivia Young