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Quantum computing systems rely on the principles of quantum mechanics to perform a multitude of computationally challenging tasks more efficiently than their classical counterparts. The architecture of software-intensive systems can empower…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-23 Arif Ali Khan , Aakash Ahmad , Muhammad Waseem , Peng Liang , Mahdi Fahmideh , Tommi Mikkonen , Pekka Abrahamsson

This paper proposes a descriptive language called QHDL, akin to VHDL, to program gate-based quantum computing systems. Unlike other popular quantum programming languages, QHDL targets low-level quantum computing programming and aims to…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Gilbert Netzer , Stefano Markidis

This paper introduces QuanUML, an extension of the Unified Modeling Language (UML) tailored for quantum software systems. QuanUML integrates quantum-specific constructs, such as qubits and quantum gates, into the UML framework, enabling the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Xiaoyu Guo , Shinobu Saito , Jianjun Zhao

Quantum software represents disruptive technologies in terms of quantum-specific software systems, services, and applications - leverage the principles of quantum mechanics via programmable quantum bits (Qubits) that manipulate quantum…

Quantum software development has largely focused on algorithms, with limited attention to software architecture. As computing moves toward hybrid quantum-classical systems, this gap limits scalability, reusability, and engineering rigor.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Arvind W. Kiwelekar , Shweta Tembe , Uzma G. A. Munde , Siddhesh Jadhav , Manjushree D. Laddha , Harsha R. Gaikwad

Quantum computing leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to perform computations far beyond the capabilities of classical systems, particularly in fields such as cryptography and optimization. However, current quantum programming…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Simone Faro , Francesco Pio Marino , Gabriele Messina

With the potential of quantum algorithms to solve intractable classical problems, quantum computing is rapidly evolving and more algorithms are being developed and optimized. Expressing these quantum algorithms using a high-level language…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-28 N. Khammassi , I. Ashraf , J. v. Someren , R. Nane , A. M. Krol , M. A. Rol , L. Lao , K. Bertels , C. G. Almudever

Quantum deep learning (QDL) explores the use of both quantum and quantum-inspired resources to determine when deep learning's core capabilities, such as expressivity, generalization, and scalability, can be enhanced based on specific…

Languages, compilers, and computer-aided design tools will be essential for scalable quantum computing, which promises an exponential leap in our ability to execute complex tasks. LIQUi|> is a modular software architecture designed to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-20 Dave Wecker , Krysta M. Svore

We describe Qiskit, a software development kit for quantum information science. We discuss the key design decisions that have shaped its development, and examine the software architecture and its core components. We demonstrate an…

Quantum computing provides a new dimension in computation, utilizing the principles of quantum mechanics to potentially solve complex problems that are currently intractable for classical computers. However, little research has been…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Mst Shamima Aktar , Peng Liang , Muhammad Waseem , Amjed Tahir , Aakash Ahmad , Beiqi Zhang , Zengyang Li

We introduce the language QML, a functional language for quantum computations on finite types. Its design is guided by its categorical semantics: QML programs are interpreted by morphisms in the category FQC of finite quantum computations,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-05-06 Thorsten Altenkirch , Jonathan Grattage

Quantum gates are the fundamental instructions of digital quantum computers. Current programming languages, systems, and software development toolkits identify these operational gates by their titles, which requires a shared understanding…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Ed Younis

Quantum computing (QC) represents the future of computing systems, but the tools for reasoning about the quantum model of computation, in which the laws obeyed are those on the quantum mechanical scale, are still a mix of linear algebra and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Carmelo R. Cartiere

One of the many challenges of developing an open user testbed such as QSCOUT is providing an interface that maintains simplicity without compromising expressibility or control. This interface comprises two distinct elements: a quantum…

Quantum computing exploits quantum phenomena such as superposition and entanglement to realize a form of parallelism that is not available to traditional computing. It offers the potential of significant computational speed-ups in quantum…

This paper gives an introduction to and overview of the functional quantum programming language QML. The syntax of this language is defined and explained, along with a new QML definition of the quantum teleport algorithm. The categorical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-07-21 Jonathan Grattage

Contemporary quantum computing platforms remain, in essence, programmable physical systems whose control is typically mediated through unitary gate abstractions. While such abstractions provide a uniform interface, they obscure important…

Quantum computers promise to transform our notions of computation by offering a completely new paradigm. To achieve scalable quantum computation, optimizing compilers and a corresponding software design flow will be essential. We present a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Thomas Häner , Damian S. Steiger , Krysta Svore , Matthias Troyer

Q# is a standalone domain-specific programming language from Microsoft for writing and running quantum programs. Like most industrial languages, it was designed without a formal specification, which can naturally lead to ambiguity in its…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Kartik Singhal , Kesha Hietala , Sarah Marshall , Robert Rand
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