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Large language models in the past have typically relied on some form of reinforcement learning with human feedback (RLHF) to better align model responses with human preferences. However, because of oft-observed instabilities when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Xiangkun Hu , Tong He , David Wipf

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has shown strong potential for mitigating hallucinations in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). However, existing multimodal DPO approaches often suffer from overfitting due to the difficulty…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Longtian Qiu , Shan Ning , Chuyu Zhang , Jiaxuan Sun , Xuming He

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has emerged as a powerful approach to align text-to-image (T2I) models with human feedback. Unfortunately, successful application of DPO to T2I models requires a huge amount of resources to collect and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Shyamgopal Karthik , Huseyin Coskun , Zeynep Akata , Sergey Tulyakov , Jian Ren , Anil Kag

This paper introduces V2A-DPO, a novel Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) framework tailored for flow-based video-to-audio generation (V2A) models, incorporating key adaptations to effectively align generated audio with human preferences.…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Nolan Chan , Timmy Gang , Yongqian Wang , Yuzhe Liang , Dingdong Wang

While large-scale unsupervised language models (LMs) learn broad world knowledge and some reasoning skills, achieving precise control of their behavior is difficult due to the completely unsupervised nature of their training. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Rafael Rafailov , Archit Sharma , Eric Mitchell , Stefano Ermon , Christopher D. Manning , Chelsea Finn

While preference optimization is crucial for improving visual generative models, how to effectively scale this paradigm remains largely unexplored. Current open-source preference datasets contain conflicting preference patterns, where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Ming Li , Jie Wu , Justin Cui , Xiaojie Li , Rui Wang , Chen Chen

The class of direct preference optimization (DPO) algorithms has emerged as a promising approach for solving the alignment problem in foundation models. These algorithms work with very limited feedback in the form of pairwise preferences…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Luca Viano , Ruida Zhou , Yifan Sun , Mahdi Namazifar , Volkan Cevher , Shoham Sabach , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh

Fine-tuning pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) is essential to align them with human values and intentions. This process often utilizes methods like pairwise comparisons and KL divergence against a reference LLM, focusing on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Yongcheng Zeng , Guoqing Liu , Weiyu Ma , Ning Yang , Haifeng Zhang , Jun Wang

Iterative self-improvement, a concept extending beyond personal growth, has found powerful applications in machine learning, particularly in transforming weak models into strong ones. While recent advances in natural language processing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Daechul Ahn , Yura Choi , San Kim , Youngjae Yu , Dongyeop Kang , Jonghyun Choi

Aligning text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models with human preferences has emerged as a critical research challenge. While recent advances in this area have extended preference optimization techniques from large language models (LLMs) to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Junyong Kang , Seohyun Lim , Kyungjune Baek , Hyunjung Shim

Direct preference optimization (DPO) is a form of reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) where the policy is learned directly from preferential feedback. Although many models of human preferences exist, the critical task of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Branislav Kveton , Xintong Li , Julian McAuley , Ryan Rossi , Jingbo Shang , Junda Wu , Tong Yu

Preference-based reinforcement learning (RL) is a key paradigm for aligning policies with human judgments, yet its theoretical behavior in distributed settings where preference data are fragmented across heterogeneous users remains poorly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Zhanhong Jiang

Aligning text-to-video diffusion models with human preferences is crucial for generating high-quality videos. Existing Direct Preference Otimization (DPO) methods rely on multi-sample ranking and task-specific critic models, which is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Zitong Huang , Kaidong Zhang , Yukang Ding , Chao Gao , Rui Ding , Ying Chen , Wangmeng Zuo

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has emerged as a prominent algorithm for the direct and robust alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences, offering a more straightforward alternative to the complex Reinforcement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Junru Lu , Jiazheng Li , Siyu An , Meng Zhao , Yulan He , Di Yin , Xing Sun

We study the problem of aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preference data. Contrastive preference optimization has shown promising results in aligning LLMs with available preference data by optimizing the implicit reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Teng Xiao , Yige Yuan , Huaisheng Zhu , Mingxiao Li , Vasant G Honavar

Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) enhances the alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, its limitations have led to the development of Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), an RL-free approach designed to overcome…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Amir Saeidi , Shivanshu Verma , Aswin RRV , Kashif Rasul , Chitta Baral

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) guides large language models (LLMs) to generate recommendations aligned with user historical behavior distributions by minimizing preference alignment loss. However, our systematic empirical research and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Chu Zhao , Enneng Yang , Jianzhe Zhao , Guibing Guo

The alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs) is crucial for ensuring their safety and reliability in practical applications. Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has emerged as an efficient method that directly optimizes models using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Jie Sun , Junkang Wu , Jiancan Wu , Zhibo Zhu , Xingyu Lu , Jun Zhou , Lintao Ma , Xiang Wang

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) aligns text-to-image (T2I) generation models with human preferences using pairwise preference data. Although substantial resources are expended in collecting and labeling datasets, a critical aspect is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Yunhong Lu , Qichao Wang , Hengyuan Cao , Xiaoyin Xu , Min Zhang

Text-to-3D generation automates 3D content creation from textual descriptions, which offers transformative potential across various fields. However, existing methods often struggle to align generated content with human preferences, limiting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Zhenglin Zhou , Xiaobo Xia , Fan Ma , Hehe Fan , Yi Yang , Tat-Seng Chua
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