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Let $G$ be a simple graph with adjacency matrix $A(G)$, signless Laplacian matrix $Q(G)$, degree diagonal matrix $D(G)$ and let $l(G)$ be the line graph of $G$. In 2017, Nikiforov defined the $A_\alpha$-matrix of $G$, $A_\alpha(G)$, as a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Joao Domingos Gomes da Silva Junior , Carla Silva Oliveira , Liliana Manuela Gaspar C. da Costa

This paper investigates the first Dirichlet eigenvalue for the $p$-Laplacian in Riemannian manifolds. Firstly, we establish a lower bound for this eigenvalue under the condition that the domain includes a specific function which fulfills…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-02-05 Xiaoshang Jin

We consider a metric graph consisting of two edges, one of which has length $\varepsilon$ which we send to zero. On this graph we study the resolvent and spectrum of the Laplacian subject to a general vertex condition at the connecting…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2023-11-14 Gregory Berkolaiko , Denis I. Borisov , Marshall King

In this paper we study asymptotic behavior of solutions of obstacle problems for $p-$Laplacians as $p\to \infty.$ For the one-dimensional case and for the radial case, we give an explicit expression of the limit. In the n-dimensional case,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-12-29 Raffaela Capitanelli , Maria Agostina Vivaldi

We investigate the multiplicity of solutions for a generalized poly-Laplacian system on weighted finite graphs and a generalized poly-Laplacian system with Dirichlet boundary value on weighted locally finite graphs, respectively, via the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-04-15 Zhangyi Yu , Junping Xie , Xingyong Zhang , Wanting Qi

We derive bounds on the size of an independent set based on eigenvalues. This generalizes a result due to Delsarte and Hoffman. We use this to obtain new bounds on the independence number of the Erd\H{o}s-R\'{e}nyi graphs. We investigate…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 C. D. Godsil , M. W. Newman

We study the relation between the diameter, the first positive eigenvalue of the discrete $p$-Laplacian and the $\ell_p$-distortion of a finite graph. We prove an inequality relating these three quantities and apply it to families of Cayley…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2011-07-13 Rostislav I. Grigorchuk , Piotr W. Nowak

Urschel introduced a notion of nodal partitioning to prove an upper bound on the number of nodal decomposition of discrete Laplacian eigenvectors. The result is an analogue to the well-known Courant's nodal domain theorem on continuous…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-21 Hiranya Kishore Dey , Soumyajit Saha

We study the behaviour, when $p \to +\infty$, of the first $p$-Laplacian eigenvalues with Robin boundary conditions and the limit of the associated eigenfunctions. We prove that the limit of the eigenfunctions is a viscosity solution to an…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-01-09 Vincenzo Amato , Alba Lia Masiello , Carlo Nitsch , Cristina Trombetti

We develop a nonlinear spectral graph theory, in which the Laplace operator is replaced by the 1-Laplacian ?$\Delta_1$. The eigenvalue problem is to solve a nonlinear system involving a set valued function. In the study, we investigate the…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2016-10-31 Kung Ching Chang

We consider the problem of finding universal bounds of "isoperimetric" or "isodiametric" type on the spectral gap of the Laplacian on a metric graph with natural boundary conditions at the vertices, in terms of various analytical and…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-24 James B. Kennedy , Pavel Kurasov , Gabriela Malenova , Delio Mugnolo

Let $G$ be a graph, and let $\lambda(G)$ denote the smallest eigenvalue of $G$. First, we provide an upper bound for $\lambda(G)$ based on induced bipartite subgraphs of $G$. Consequently, we extract two other upper bounds, one relying on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-16 Aryan Esmailpour , Sara Saeedi Madani , Dariush Kiani

We derive a Reilly-type formula for differential p-forms on a compact manifold with boundary and apply it to give a sharp lower bound of the spectrum of the Hodge Laplacian acting on differential forms of an embedded hypersurface of a…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2012-02-17 Simon Raulot , Alessandro Savo

Harary and Schwenk posed the problem forty years ago: Which graphs have distinct adjacency eigenvalues? In this paper, we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for an Hermitian matrix with simple spectral radius and distinct…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-05-26 Xueliang Li , Jianfeng Wang , Qiongxiang Huang

In this paper, we give tight bounds for the normalized Laplacian eigenvalues of hypergraphs that are not necessarily uniform, and provide an edge version interlacing theorem, a Cheeger inequality, and a discrepancy inequality that are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-15 Leyou Xu , Bo Zhou

We show that the eigenpolytopes of graphs are universal in the sense that every polytope, up to affine equivalence, appears as the eigenpolytope of some positively weighted graph. We next extend the theory of graphical designs, which are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-07 Catherine Babecki , David Shiroma

In this paper, we discuss various connections between the smallest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of a graph and its structure. There are several techniques for obtaining upper bounds on the smallest eigenvalue, and some of them are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-10 Sebastian M. Cioabă , Randall J. Elzinga , David A. Gregory

We study ratios of eigenvalues of the Laplacian on compact metric graphs. Our goals are threefold: First, we prove a sharp Ashbaugh--Benguria-type bound for the ratio of the first two eigenvalues on compact trees with Dirichlet conditions…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Evans M. Harrell , James B. Kennedy , Gabriel J. Ramos

In the article we study the Neumann $(p,q)$-eigenvalue problems in bounded H\"older $\gamma$-singular domains $\Omega_{\gamma}\subset \mathbb{R}^n$. In the case $1<p<\infty$ and $1<q<p^{*}_{\gamma}$ we prove solvability of this eigenvalue…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-07-09 Prashanta Garain , Valerii Pchelintsev , Alexander Ukhlov

We investigate the lower bound for higher eigenvalues $\lambda_i$ of the poly-Laplace operator on a bounded domain and improve the famous Li-Yau inequality and its related results. Firstly, we consider the low dimensional cases for the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-09-05 Zhengchao Ji , Hongwei Xu