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Preference-based feedback is important for many applications in machine learning where evaluation of a reward function is not feasible. Notable recent examples arise in preference alignment for large language models, including in…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being used for interactive decision-making tasks requiring planning and adapting to the environment. Recent works employ LLMs-as-agents in broadly two ways: iteratively determining the next…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Archiki Prasad , Alexander Koller , Mareike Hartmann , Peter Clark , Ashish Sabharwal , Mohit Bansal , Tushar Khot

As LLMs become capable of complex tasks, there is growing potential for personalized interactions tailored to the subtle and idiosyncratic preferences of the user. We present a public benchmark, PersonalLLM, focusing on adapting LLMs to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Thomas P. Zollo , Andrew Wei Tung Siah , Naimeng Ye , Ang Li , Hongseok Namkoong

We introduce Large Language Model-Assisted Preference Prediction (LAPP), a novel framework for robot learning that enables efficient, customizable, and expressive behavior acquisition with minimum human effort. Unlike prior approaches that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Pingcheng Jian , Xiao Wei , Yanbaihui Liu , Samuel A. Moore , Michael M. Zavlanos , Boyuan Chen

Preference-based learning aims to align robot task objectives with human values. One of the most common methods to infer human preferences is by pairwise comparisons of robot task trajectories. Traditional comparison-based preference…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Hanfang Lyu , Yuanchen Bai , Xin Liang , Ujaan Das , Chuhan Shi , Leiliang Gong , Yingchi Li , Mingfei Sun , Ming Ge , Xiaojuan Ma

Physical human-robot interaction (pHRI) requires robots to adapt to individual contact preferences, such as where and how much force is applied. Identifying preferences is difficult for a single contact; with whole-arm interaction involving…

Humans often interact with large language models (LLMs) in multi-turn interaction to obtain desired answers or more information. However, most existing studies overlook the multi-turn instruction following ability of LLMs, in terms of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Yuchong Sun , Che Liu , Kun Zhou , Jinwen Huang , Ruihua Song , Wayne Xin Zhao , Fuzheng Zhang , Di Zhang , Kun Gai

Models of human feedback for AI alignment, such as those underpinning Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), often bake in a singular, static set of preferences, limiting adaptability. This paper challenges the assumption of monolithic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Víctor Gallego

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable success, but aligning them with human preferences remains a core challenge. As individuals have their own, multi-dimensional preferences, recent studies have explored multi-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Minhyeon Oh , Seungjoon Lee , Jungseul Ok

While recent advancements in aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with recommendation tasks have shown great potential and promising performance overall, these aligned recommendation LLMs still face challenges in complex scenarios. This is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yi Fang , Wenjie Wang , Yang Zhang , Fengbin Zhu , Qifan Wang , Fuli Feng , Xiangnan He

As a part of an embodied agent, Large Language Models (LLMs) are typically used for behavior planning given natural language instructions from the user. However, dealing with ambiguous instructions in real-world environments remains a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Anastasiia Ivanova , Eva Bakaeva , Zoya Volovikova , Alexey K. Kovalev , Aleksandr I. Panov

Customizing robotic behaviors to be aligned with diverse human preferences is an underexplored challenge in the field of embodied AI. In this paper, we present Promptable Behaviors, a novel framework that facilitates efficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Minyoung Hwang , Luca Weihs , Chanwoo Park , Kimin Lee , Aniruddha Kembhavi , Kiana Ehsani

Preference-based reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a new field in robot learning, where humans play a pivotal role in shaping robot behavior by expressing preferences on different sequences of state-action pairs. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Simon Holk , Daniel Marta , Iolanda Leite

A critical factor in the success of decision support systems is the accurate modeling of user preferences. Psychology research has demonstrated that users often develop their preferences during the elicitation process, highlighting the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Connor Lawless , Jakob Schoeffer , Lindy Le , Kael Rowan , Shilad Sen , Cristina St. Hill , Jina Suh , Bahareh Sarrafzadeh

Robot motion planning often requires finding trajectories that balance different user intents, or preferences. One of these preferences is usually arrival at the goal, while another might be obstacle avoidance. Here, we formalize these, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-12-03 Aleksandra Faust , Hao-Tien Lewis Chiang , Lydia Tapia

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has enabled LLM-based applications (a.k.a. AI agents or co-pilots), a new software paradigm that combines the strength of LLM and conventional software. Diverse LLM applications from different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Chaofan Lin , Zhenhua Han , Chengruidong Zhang , Yuqing Yang , Fan Yang , Chen Chen , Lili Qiu

As LLMs continue to scale, improving training efficiency increasingly depends on using data more effectively. Data selection addresses this problem by allocating a limited training budget to samples that best promote a target behavior.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Qihao Lin , Guanxu Chen , Dongrui Liu , Jing Shao

The observed similarities in the behavior of humans and Large Language Models (LLMs) have prompted researchers to consider the potential of using LLMs as models of human cognition. However, several significant challenges must be addressed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Jian-Qiao Zhu , Haijiang Yan , Thomas L. Griffiths

Specifying complex task behaviours while ensuring good robot performance may be difficult for untrained users. We study a framework for users to specify rules for acceptable behaviour in a shared environment such as industrial facilities.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-07-25 Nils Wilde , Dana Kulic , Stephen L. Smith

User preferences are increasingly used to personalize Large Language Model (LLM) responses, yet how to reliably leverage preference signals for answer generation remains under-explored. In practice, preferences can be noisy, incomplete, or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Tianyu Zhao , Siqi Li , Yasser Shoukry , Salma Elmalaki