Related papers: Efficient calculation of the moments of runaway el…
$\textit{Tokamak disruptions}$ can give rise to the $\textit{runaway phenomenon}$, which is typical in plasma physics and describes the almost unbound acceleration of electrons to relativistic velocities and can lead to the formation of a…
We present two-dimensional global simulations of mitigated and vertically unstable disruptions in ITER in the presence of runaway electrons. An elongated plasma in free-boundary equilibrium is subjected to an artificial thermal quench and…
Synchrotron emission from runaway electrons may be used to diagnose plasma conditions during a tokamak disruption, but solving this inverse problem requires rapid simulation of the electron distribution function and associated synchrotron…
The safe operation of tokamak reactors requires a reliable modeling capability of disruptions, and in particular the spatio-temporal dynamics of associated runaway electron currents. In a disruption, instabilities can break up magnetic…
The disruption and runaway electron analysis model code was extended to include tungsten impurities in disruption simulations with the aim of studying the runaway electron (RE) generation. This study investigates RE current sensitivity on…
Improved understanding of runaway-electron formation and decay processes are of prime interest for the safe operation of large tokamaks, and the dynamics of the runaway electrons during dynamical scenarios such as disruptions are of…
Avoidance of the harmful effects of runaway electrons (REs) in plasma-terminating disruptions is pivotal in the design of safety systems for magnetic fusion devices. Here, we describe a computationally efficient numerical tool, that allows…
Runaway electrons with strongly anisotropic distributions present in post-disruption tokamak plasmas can destabilize the extraordinary electron (EXEL) wave. The present work investigates the dynamics of the quasi-linear evolution of the…
The electron runaway phenomenon in plasmas depends sensitively on the momentum-space dynamics. However, efficient simulation of the global evolution of systems involving runaway electrons typically requires a reduced fluid description. This…
We consider the Landau-Coulomb equation for a (hydrogen) plasma heated by an external electric field. In this setting, theoretical and experimental results in plasma physics show the emergence of so-called \emph{runaway electrons} which are…
This study systematically explores the parameter space of disruption mitigation through shattered pellet injection in ITER with a focus on runaway electron dynamics, using the disruption modelling tool DREAM. The physics fidelity is…
Runaway electrons are known to provide robust ideal or collisionless kinetic drive for plasma wave instabilities in both the whistler and slow-X branches, via the anomalous Doppler-shifted cyclotron resonances. In a cold and dense…
Accurate modeling of runaway electron generation and losses during tokamak disruptions is crucial for the development of reactor-scale tokamak devices. In this paper we present a reduced model for runaway electron losses due to flux surface…
Ions accelerated by electric fields (so-called runaway ions) in plasmas may explain observations in solar flares and fusion experiments, however limitations of previous analytic work have prevented definite conclusions. In this work we…
A runaway avalanche can result in a conversion of the initial plasma current into a relativistic electron beam in high current tokamak disruptions. We investigate the effect of massive material injection of deuterium-noble gas mixtures on…
Fusion energy will be the ultimate clean energy source for mankind. One of the most visible concerns of the future fusion device is the threat of deleterious runaway electrons (REs) produced during unexpected disruptions of the fusion…
For the simulation of disruptions in tokamak fusion plasmas, a fluid model describing the evolution of relativistic runaway electrons and their interaction with the background plasma is presented. The overall aim of the model is to…
Mitigation of runaway electrons is one of the outstanding issues for the reliable operation of ITER and other large tokamaks, and accurate estimates for the expected runaway-electron energies and current are needed. Previously, linearized…
A new fluid model for runaway electron simulation based on fluid description is introduced and implemented in the magnetohydrodynamics code M3D-C1, which includes self-consistent interactions between plasma and runaway electrons. The model…
Tokamak start-up is characterized by low electron densities and strong electric fields, in order to quickly raise the plasma current and temperature, allowing the plasma to fully ionize and magnetic flux surfaces to form. Such conditions…